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Ertugrul, father of Osman I, was given the lands of Karaca Dag, a mountain near modern day Angora, by by Ala ad-Din Kay Qubadh I, the Seljuk Sultan of Rum
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Osman defeats Byzantine force near Nicaea
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Siege of Bursa starts, death of Osman
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Nicomedia is captured by the Ottoman Empire
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Bayezid extends the empire from the Danube River in Bulgaria to the Euphrates River in the east. Mongolian raiders crush his troops in Turkey in 1402 and take him prisoner. Bayezid dies within the year, and the Ottoman Empire is split among his sons.
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ottoman empire uder his power
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poor leaders continue producing the ottoman threat upon european world.
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The Ottomans try to conquer Venice in 1683, but fail. In 1697, as Austrian troops push into the Ottoman territory in Hungary, the Turks are defeated at Zenta. To keep peace the Turks give up much of their land in that region.
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Abdul Hamit II tries to instill reforms into the empire, including adding a constitution and a parliament. These reforms fail, however. In 1878 the Congress of Berlin acknowledges the independence of Serbia, Romania, and Bulgaria.
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During World War I, the Ottoman Empire sides with the Central Powers. They lose the war, and peace treaties cause the empire to dissolve. The Republic of Turkey is established in 1923. Although in power for over 600 years, the Ottoman Empire will best be remembered for its glory years of strong leadership and cultural influences that affected the lands they conquered.
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Osman becomes bey upon his father's death
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Orhan takes the title of Sultan Orhan takes the title of Sultan
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Starting in 1821, Greece revolts against the Ottomans. A long struggle ensues with the Greeks eventually getting help from Britain, France, and Russia. They win their independence in 1830.
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Though actually two different battles, the goal of the Balkan Wars is to take over the European lands that belong to the Ottoman Empire. Its efforts are successful.
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At Suleyman I's death, his son Selim II rules. However, he is not like his father. He never goes to fight battles and his government is unstable. During his reign the Turkish fleet is smashed at the Battle of Lepanto in Greece.
