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The Byzantine Empire was the name of the Eastern Roman Empire after the division of the Empire. Its capital was Constantinople, which before was named Byzantium, from were the empire took its name, and nowadays is known as Istanbul.
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The fall of the Roman Empire marks the beggining of the Middle Ages and the end of the Ancient Age. (Europe) -
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The Germanic Tribes were the peoples who lived in the north and east of Europe. They were organised into tribes (such as Franks, Visigoths, Ostrogoths...): each tribe had an assembly that elected a chieftain. (Europe) -
When the Franks expelled the Visigoths from France, they pushed them to the Iberian Peninsula. They created the new Kingdom of the Visigoths and its capital was Toledo. It ended because there were too much conflicts and Muslims took the oportunity to invade the peninsula (711) Visigoth kings: Leovigild, who conquered the Kingdom of the Suevi and aquired other territories. Reccared converted to Catholicism which became the religion of the whole kingdom. Under Recceswinth, laws were unified. -
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Justinian was a Byzantine emperor who ruled alongside his wife Theodora between 527 and 565. He recaptured much of the Western Roman Empire. Under him, trade expanded, the Hagia Sofia Church was built and he made the Code of Justinian that was a compilation of Roman laws made by the Justinian in the Byzantine Empire in the first half of the 6th century. -
The Hégira is the name for the event when Muhammad escaped from Mecca because people did not accept his teachings. It marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar. (Islam) -
It started with the Hegira and ended with the conquest of Bahgdad. Nowadays this religion is still practiced.
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It started with the death of Muhamad and ended whith the murder of Ali, when the Umayyad Caliphate started, in 661. (Islam) -
It started when Ali was assassinated and ended with Abu al-Abbas' rebellion(750). The caliph was a hereditary ruler from the Umayyad family. Its capital was Damascus and was divided into provinces named emirates. (Islam) -
The Germanic Tribes were the peoples that lived in the north and east of Europe. They were organised into tribes: each tribe had an assembly that elected a chieftain. (Europe)
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Muslims defeated King Roderick in the Battle of Guadalete. (Iberian Peninsula) -
The Battle of Covadonga was a battle that took place in 718 or 722 between the army of Pelagius the Visigoth and the army of the Umayyad Caliphate. It was won by the Christians. It is regarded as the foundational event of the Kingdom of Asturias and the initial point of the Christian Reconquista. (Iberian Peninsula) -
Started with Abu al-Abbas' rebellion and it ended when the Turks conquered Baghdad (1258). The capital was moved to Baghdad. There were many disputes so it began to desintegrate. -
It was founded by Abd al-Rahman I because most of the members of the Umayyad family in Damascus were killed and he was the only survivor of the family. It ended when Abd al-Rahman III founded the Caliphate of Cordoba in 1031. The emir was independent but accepted the religioussupremacy of the caliph. (Iberian Peninsula) -
The Carolingian Empire (800-843) started after the descendant of Charles Martel and son of Pepin the Short, Charlemagne, was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by the pope. The Carolingian Empire lasted for some years, but Charlemagne's grandsons (Charles the Bald, Louis the German and Lothair) divided it into 3 with the Treaty of Verdun. (Europe) -
The Carolingian Empire lasted for some years, but Charlemagne's grandsons (Charles the Bald, Louis the German and Lothair) divided it into 3 with the Treaty of Verdun. (Europe) -
It was created by Abd al-Rahman III, who became its caliph. It was one of the world's great states in the 10th century. (Iberian Peninsula) -
Feudalism was the main political, social and economic system in Europe between the 10th and 13th centuries. (Europe) -
They were created when the Caliphate of Sevilla ends. They were small independent muslim states in Al-Andalus. (Iberian peninsula) -
Thy were a Muslim Empire that crossed over to the Iberian Peninsula in 1086. They did not keep their domination of al-Andalus. (Iberian Peninsula) -
They were the succesors of the Almoravids in North Africa, and crossed over in 1147. They didn't maintain their domination of al-Andalus. (Iberian Peninsula)
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Christian kingdoms united their forces and won a great victory against the Muslims in this battle. The fall of Al-Andalus began. (Iberian Peninsula) -
It was a long series of wars that happened between France and England because the King of England held land in France and claimed a right to the French throne. It caused the loss of all English territories held in France and a decline in trade. (Europe) -
The Black Death was a terrible bacterial disease that spread through Europe and killed around 25 million people. There were succesive waves of the plague until 1490. Because of it, trade suffered for a time and wars were temporaly abandoned. It devastated families and caused personal suffering. (Europe) -
There were succesive waves of the plague until 1490. (Europe)
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The Battle of Poitiers was one of the principal battles in the Hundred Years' War. (Europe)
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It was a long series of wars that happened between France and England because the King of England held land in France and claimed a right to the French throne. It caused the loss of all English territories held in France and a decline in trade. (Europe)
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Some historians say it marks the end of the Middle Ages and not the discovery of America. It is because the fall of Constantinople led to the discovery of America and it was a very important event that changed many things. (Europe and Byzantium) -
The Nasgrid Kingdom of Granada was weakened by international conflict between noble families and the Nasgrid dynasty. Finally, it was conquered by the Catholic monarchs in 1492, the same year Colombus discovered America. (Iberian Peninsula) -
The discovery of America marks the end of the Middle Ages and the beggining of the Modern Age. Cristobal Colombus travelled with 3 ships (Pinta, Niña and Santa María), with the permission of the Catholic kings, wanting to go to Indiabut he arrived at America thinking it was India. (Europe)