-
The rest of his life was marked by struggles to consolidate his hold over England and his continental lands and by difficulties with his eldest son.
-
In Spain, paper is first mass-produced; Muslim conquest of Spain brought paper making to Europe.
-
Magna Carta, also called Magna Carta Libertatum or The Great Charter of the Liberties of England, is an English charter, originally issued in Latin in the year 1215, translated into vernacular-French as early as 1219, and reissued later in the 13th century in modified versions.
-
The crusades, judged by what they set out to accomplish, must be accounted an inglorious failure. After two hundred years of conflict, after a vast expenditure of wealth and human lives, the Holy Land remained in Moslem hands.
-
The Black Death was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, peaking in Europe between 1348 and 1350. Although there were several competing theories as to the etiology of the Black Death.
-
-
1387 Chaucer writes The Canterbury Tales start in Europe. is a collection of stories written in Middle English by Geoffrey Chaucer at the end of the 14th century.
-
1455-1485 The Wars of the Roses were a series of dynastic wars fought between supporters of two rival branches of the royal House of Plantagenet: the houses of Lancaster and York (whose heraldic symbols were the "red" and the "white" rose, respectively) for the throne of England.
-
1485 first printing of Le Morte d’Arthur.is a compilation by Sir Thomas Malory of Romance tales about the legendary King Arthur, Guinevere, Lancelot, and the Knights of the Round Tab.
-
1485-First Tudor king, Henry VII, is crowned. The Tudor dynasty or House of Tudor was a European royal house of Welsh origin[1] that ruled the Kingdom of England and its realms, including the Lordship of Ireland, later the Kingdom of Ireland, from 1485 until 1603.