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Hijra is the migration or journey of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE.
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632 AD, Muhammad died. He was poisoned after his attack on Jewish settlement of Khabax.
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Uthman was murdered at the hands of discontented Egyptians in 656 and the notables of Medina selected Ali b. Abi Talib as caliph. His failure to punish Uthman's assassins quickly generated outrage. Civil war broke out under the leadership of Talha and Zubayr, two of Ali's former supporters, and Aisha, former wife of Muhammad and daughter of Abu Bakr. He was murdered by a Kharijite in 661.
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UMAYYADS, dynasty (660–750) under which the Arabs established their empire, extending from Central Asia and the Indian border to the Atlantic Ocean. The internal strife in various parts of the empire was among the major causes for the collapse of the Umayyad dynasty and paved the way for the rise of the Abbasids.
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The Jews and Muslims fought together to defend Jerusalem against the invading Franks. They were unsuccessful though and on 15 July 1099 the crusaders entered the city.
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On July 4, 1187 the Kingdom's army was defeated at the Battle of Hattin by Saladin and only Balian of Ibelin commanding a small number of soldiers remained in Jerusalem.The Siege of Jerusalem lasted from September 20 to October 2, 1187.
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The Abbasid dynasty ended in 1251. It ended for three years when the Hulagu Khan and the Mongol Khan destroyed Baghdad.
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Suleyman the Magnificent has been known as one of the greatest rulers of the Ottoman Empire. He is mostly remembered as a fierce conqueror of the Islamic religion.
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The greatest of the Safavid monarchs, Shah Abbas I came to power in 1587 age 16.
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The most beautiful building in the world. In 1631 the emperor Shah Jahan built the Taj Mahal in memory of his wife Mumtaz, who died in childbirth. The white marble mausoleum at Agra has become the monument of a man's love for a woman.
