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Jacques Cartier was the first European to navigate the St. Lawerence River. He not only navigated the St. Lawerence River but explored the Atlantic coast of Canada. These expeditions took place between 1534 and 1542. Jacques Cartier also takes credit for naming Canada.
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This expedition included 2 ships, 61 men. Additionally, it took 20 days to travel to Newfoundland. On Prince Edward Island Cartier met Micmac people. He as well as claimed Gaspe Peninsula for France. -
During Cartier's second voyage there were 3 ships involved and over 110 men. On this expedition, Cartier and his crew entered the St. Lawerence River. They also visited/ discovered Stadacona now known as Quebec City and Hochelaga now known as Montreal. During this expedition, Cartier achieved 3 things. One is that he proved that Newfoundland was an Island. Two, he charted the Gulf of St. Lawerence. Lastly, Cartier was the first to find the St. Lawerence River. -
Jacques Cartier was not able to complete his third voyage, However, he had 3 goals while planning. The first goal Cartier had was to begin colonization in his exploration. The second goal was to chart the St. Lawerence River. The last goal Cartier had was to locate the NorthWest passage. On this voyage, Cartier was not in charge of the expedition but Roberval was. Later on this expedition, Cartier was ordered to go home to France and end the expedition. -
Also known as the "Father of New France." Without Champlain, there would be no French expansion in the New World. He was the founder of Quebec in 1608 which is now one of the oldest cities in Canada. He also put together French colonies. Making important explortations to the Ottawa River, eastern Great Lakes and even New York. Being a colonist and explorer he made between 21 and 29 trips across the Atlantic Ocean.
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In 1604 Samuel de Champlain made his return to Northeastern Canada. From 1604 to 1608 he made maps of the North Atlantic Coast, he was the first to do this. -
In 1608 Champlain made alliances with the Huron to work together against the NY Iroquois. By the time it was the 1620's the Hurons were suppling half to two thirds of all the supplies to the French. In 1610 Henry lV assistaed Champlain in the colonization. Yet the Frech gov remaind turmoil until 1624. -
In 1615 Samuel de Champlain finally reached Georgian Bay on his expedition as well as Lake Huron. While there he was injury with wounds to the legs. He saw it as a failure. However, the allies saw it as successful, leaving peace in the region for 15 years. -
Francois de Laval was the first Roman Catholic Bishop of Quebec. He became Bishop at eh age of 36 by Pope Alexander Vll. Bishop was one of the most influential people of his time, being a part of the Montmorency family.
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Jean Talon is also known as "The Great Intendant." Talon served as the first Intendant of Justice for New France, Newfoundland, and Acadia. He was granted tis by King Louis XlV and the minister. Talon also served as the Public Order and Finances.
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While being the Bishop he was very loyal wkth his liqour sales with the Indians. However, this brought much conflisct between Laval and the governor, Baron d'Avaugour in 1662. The left Laval to leave France in August and was successful in bringing Baron d'Avaugour's recall the next year. -
In 1663 Francois de Laval returned to Quebec and made quite a name for himself. He started the Seminary of Quebec, this was intended to be a school for preiests to come and recieve training as well worked out to be used as a home for retired preists. -
In 1665 Talon was sent to Quebec to being settlement and help develop the colony. His job was to budget money, provide food for soliders and maintain order with rules. To help settlement he asked soliders to stay in Canada. He also brought over French girls so they would want to marry soilders and families would be started. In just 5 years he was able to bring over 1500 people to Canada. -
Talon spent many hours working towards developing a great colony. One way he did so was by building a brewery. He built it to encourage people to grow hops. Additionally, he motivated colonists to raise livestock. While living in the colony during summer was busy, winter life was slow. He also encouraged colonists to grow flax seed and hemp seed. talon did everything in his power to ensure that Canada was participating in all parts of trade. -
In 1672 Jean talon had to return to France because the King went to war. All the money he had earned and saved while developing Canada was now being used for the military in the war. This meant all of his development projects crashed. However, everything Jean Talon did and started in Canada gave it the boost it needs to begin the development of New France. -
When the new Royal Agent arrived to Quebec Laval lost some power. However, spirtitually his remained strong. In 1674 He was named Bishop of Quebec. This gave him power over North American and all French Territories. -
Vaudreuil is a colonial governor who was born in Canada. He was the last governor of New France and was given this position in 1775. He was also involved in the Indian and French wars. He was the governor during the 7-year war.
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Charles Lawerence was the Luitenant General of Novascotia while being a British military officer. He overlooked the expulsion of the Acadians and then began to settle what was known as the New England Planter into Novascotia.
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Marquis de Montcalm was a French soldier during the 7-year war, he was also known as "The Commander of the Forces in North America During the Seven Years' War." He was ranked as a Lieutenant General. He was born into a noble family in Nims in France. He then entered the military early in life and served many years.
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Pontiac was also known as Obwaandi'eyaag. He was an Odawa war chief, which gave him his name. He lead Native Americans in war.
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James Murray was a governor of Quebec, British army officer. He was governeor for two years.
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Guy Carleton was the first Baron Dorchester. He was a administrator and solider. Serving twice as governor of the province of Quebec as well as British North America.
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In 1753, Charles was put in charge of establishing the colonies of German Protestants in Lunenberg Novascotia. By 1754 he was promoted to Lieutenant Governor of Novascotia. This would never have happened if it were not for Charles Lawrence. His talent, influence, actions, and responsibility made this possible. -
In 1755 Montcalm was asked to take control of French forces in North America, he was 44 yrs old when he received this offer, he only accepted it because the money would provide for his son. in 1756 he arrived in Quebec. His job was to lead the land campaigns from France to defend New France. -
In 1755 Pontiac became a tribal chief. He was commanding, a great war planner. This allowed him to also become a leader of loose confederacy in Ottawa. -
France declared the beging of the 7 year wars in June 1756. In Ausust Montcalm already captured 3000 men. With this he was able to transport artillery. He completed these vicortys when no one else could. -
In 1756 Charles was promoted to the governor. Later in 1758, he ordered a brigade in the expedition against Louisberg that was successful. -
As Charles last year governor he focused on a few things. The main one was to help immigrants settle in Canada. -
In 1758 Marquis de Montcalm made a victory at Fort Carillon. He and 3500 soiliders were able to defeated over 15 000 men. Marquis de Montcalm was then praised as a hero on his return to Quebec City and then promoted to Luitentant General. Soon to become the Commander in Cheif in New France of the french armys. -
After the battle of Abraham was finished, James remained in command of Quebec. They faced undefeated forces from the French up the St. Lawrence River -
In 1760 Pontiac and May met for the first time. Robert Rogers surrendered by the French so Pontiac agreed to let the British troops pass by. -
In 1760 Murray was appointed the position miltary governeor in the distrcit of Quebec -
The French were forced to withdrawl after their defeating the British in the Battel of Saite-Foy becuase of the arrival of British fleet. This left Marquis de Vaudreuil to surrender Montreal and New France in order to save the population. He did this after discussing terms to pretect Canadas property, religion, and laws. -
Being an intertribal leader, Ottawa Indian cheif Pontiac pu together a war known as, Pontiacs war to Bristish power over the Great Lakes. -
In 1763 James Murray was appointed governor of the province of Quebec. -
Between the years 1773 and 1742 Vaudreuil was made governor of Trois-Riveiries. During his time as governor, he was able to create economic stability within colonies. -
In 1775 Vaudreuil was appointed as governor-general of New France. He then became the first person to hold the position who was Canadian-born. He was in charge of colony defense during the 7-year war. He began fighting the war Canadian battle style against European battle style. -
New about Lexington battle reached Quebec, making Carleton send more than half his troops. That left him limited troops to forms fighting teams. He rechead out to First Nations to apply and let them in. -
Carleton then created a defense against Montgomery and Arnold’s Quebec Campaign in 1775. It was tough but they succeded in the end. It demonstrated that His general talents had more to do with administration than war. -
Prasied for his efforts in Canda Guy Carleton had returned to North America as Commander-in-Chief of British forces in 1782. He was looked as the champion of loyalists. -
Louis-Joseph Papineau was a lawyer, politician, and landlord. He was also a leader of the reformist Patriote movement.
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In 1808 Louis Joseph Papineau was elected to the assemby and helped make desicios to better Canada. -
Louis Joseph Papineau served in the military as a captian for the Bitish army. -
Up until the year 1820, Louis Joseph Papineau was a huge supporter of the British political system to help Canada. -
William L. Mackenzie served as the tenth Prime minister of Canada, for three terms.
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William L. Mackenzie was able to lead rebels in the upper parts of Canada. -
William L. Mackenzie is known for his amazing leadership in the second world war -
William L. Mackenzie was able to move Canadian money and supllies to help Britian while still supporting teh economy.