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Prince Henry is remembered for important contributions to the destiny of exploration: he opened the first ocean navigation school, where students could learn skills that would help them on their journey down the west coast of the ocean.
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German goldsmith Johannes Gutenberg is credited with the invention of the printing press. Although he was far from the first to automate the book printing process. Woodblock printing in China dates back to the 9th century and Korean bookmakers were printing with movable metal type a century before Gutenberg.
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The Treaty of Tordesillas, signed in Tordesillas, and authenticated in Setúbal, Portugal, divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between the Portuguese Empire and the Spanish Empire (Crown of Castile).
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Juan Ponce de León discovered Florida. During the expedition that led to it, which lasted seven months, the so-called Gulf Stream was also discovered.
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The Protestant Reformation began in Wittenberg, Germany when Martin Luther, a teacher and monk, published a document he called the Dispute over the Power of Indulgences. The document was a series of 95 ideas about Christianity that he invited to debate with him.
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Legend has it that the priest and scholar Martin Luther approached the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg, Germany, and nailed to it a paper containing the 95 revolutionary opinions that would start the Reformation. Protestant.
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Cortes conquered the Aztec empire, which was one of the largest in America.
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On January 3, 1521, Pope Leo X issues the papal bull Decet Romanum Pontificem, which excommunicates Martin Luther from the Catholic Church.
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Henry had broken with Rome, seized the assets of the Catholic Church in England and Wales, and declared the Church of England the established church with himself as its head. Pope Paul III excommunicated Henry for his divorce from Catherine of Aragon.
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The Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire, also known as the Conquest of Peru, was one of the most important campaigns in the Spanish colonization of the Americas.
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Driven by lust, Henry sought to seek an annulment from his first wife Catherine, who was now in her 40s and past the age of bearing children, so that he could marry Anne. But Pope Clement VII refused to give the required dispensations for King Henry to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon.
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In 1534, Parliament passed the Supremacy Act defining Henry VIII's right to be the supreme head in the land of the Church of England, thus severing ecclesiastical ties with Rome.
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The Jesuit movement was founded by Ignatius de Loyola, a Spanish soldier turned priest, in August 1534. The first Jesuits–Ignatius and six of his students–took vows of poverty and chastity and made plans to work for the conversion of Muslims.
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Institutes of the Christian Religion (Latin: Institutio Christianae Religionis) is John Calvin's seminal work of systematic theology.
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Finding no wealth in Cibola or the surroundings, Coronado moved his army east to the pueblos around Albuquerque, on the Rio Grande River, in September 1540. They spent the winter there. In these pueblos, Coronado heard stories of an another wealthy trade center, Quivira, to the northeast. In April 1541, the entire army marched east to the Texas panhandle, and in May Coronado and thirty horsemen rode north to Quivira, which was located in Kansas.
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The Council of Trent was the formal Roman Catholic response to the doctrinal challenges of the Protestant Reformation. He served to define Catholic doctrine and made radical decrees on self-reform, helping to revitalize the Roman Catholic Church in the face of Protestant expansion.
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Pope Paul III called the Council of Trent in 1545 to reform the Catholic Church and find a way to heal the divide between the Catholics and Protestants brought on by the Protestant Reformation.
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Peace of Augsburg, first permanent legal basis for the coexistence of Lutheranism and Catholicism in Germany, promulgated on September 25, 1555, by the Diet of the Holy Roman Empire assembled earlier that year at Augsburg.