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Suleiman expanding the Ottoman Empire during his reign. During this time, the Ottoman Empire was at its height.
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In the early 16th century the Ming Empire saw cultural and commercial growth. Elite classes would produce operas, novels, poetry and paintings.
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In the 1500s large numbers of Mongols were unified by their devotion to Dalai Lama which in turn lead to pressure on the frontiers of Ming Empire indirectly causing the downfall of the Ming.
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After 1500 economic depression and recurring epidemics kept the rural population from growing.
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In the early 16th century one had to be born into the yangban class to take the examination that allows you to influence the government. This made social mobility very hard and placed those already in wealthier families incharge.
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Ismail's claim of the throne enacts the establishment of Shi'a in Iran which causes an even further divide between the Iran and the the Sunnis
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In 1511 the Safavid Empire pushed the Uzbeks north-east ensuring Iran's eastern borders.
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Portugal and Qing China maintain a trading system where the Qing Empire is in control. This establishes cultural exchanges between the two states
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Selim's conquering of Egypt and Syria extended the reign of the Ottoman Empire.
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Suleiman's reign brings forth a new era for the Ottoman Empire. His reign of imperial perfection is referred to as the gold age of Ottoman greatness
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The Ottoman Empire, under Suleiman's reign was said to have a perfect imperial system resulting in the Ottoman Empires permanent place in history.
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Suleiman's conquest of Belgrade showed his political and military capabilities that ended up building the Ottoman Empire's reputation
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Suleiman's expelling of the Knights of the Hospital of st. John from the island of Rhodes helped to establish the rejection of Christianity as well as solidify the Empire's reputation as imperially perfect.
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Began the Coalition Wars against France (Napoleon) which eventually resulted in a long period of peace for the continent.
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Babur's defeat of the was the start of the Mughal Empire's success.
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There was a rise in European trade. In addition to this the lack of navy the Mughal people had they believed the Europeans to be people they could rely on.
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This gave the Ottomans even more of an 'unstoppable' reputation.
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In the early 16th century contact with Europeans helped the Japanese improve military equipment and provided new opportunities.
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Ivan conquered the Khanates of Kazan, Astrakhan and Sibir, leading Russia to become a multiethnic state. He also transformed Russia from a medieval state into an empire and was the first Russian ruler to use the title tsar.
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Akbar expanded the Mughal Empire at its height while supporting a policy of religious tolerance between Hindus and Muslims which influences modern leaders today.
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The marriage between Akbar and his Rajput wife encouraged reconciliation and and intermarriage between Muslims and Hindu people.
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After Akbar’s son succeeded him, Akbar’s traditions were supported. Jahangir was influenced by other religions and cultures.
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The Jesuits diffusion information such as medical treatments to Japan from Eurasia.
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In 1571 the Crimean Tatars were powerful enough to sack Moscow showing that Russia wasn't as powerful or great as said to be
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The Ashikaga Shogunate was the weakest of the three Japanese military governments and its end resulted in the Tokugawa Shogunate
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Oda Nobunasui unified part of Japan but his death catalyzed the unification when Hideyoshi Toyomi sought to avenge his death
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The Japanese avoidance of European influences is a main contributor of its homogeneous population and lack of both immigration and emigration.
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The Ottoman Empire suffered from emigration and loss of agricultural production that contributed to rebellions which further harmed the military state and led to its eventual downfall.
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Toyotomi Hideyoshi invaded Korea in hopes to rule both Korea and China. Although Japan had to withdrawal, Korea and China both faced major loses.
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The Imjin War had a very negative effect on Korea by hingering its development. It also caused friction between Japan and Korea that is present today.
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The war harmed the Qing dynasty.
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This major conflict lead to the diffusion of information. Japan benefited from the knowledge of pottery technology gained from Korean specialists.
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The Ming dynasty witnessed some years of peace with Japan but future conflicts harmed the dynasty.
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Hideyoshi was never able to defeat China but there was great casualties on both sides.
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Shah Abbas I relocates the Iranian capital to Istahan which displayed grandiose palaces and mosque that display the strength of the Safavid dynasty.
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The loss the Siberian Khanate shows the decline of the Mongol Empire.
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The rebellions fractured the Mughal Empire and decreased prosperity. Jahangir revolted against his father and then faced rebellions from his wife and brother-in-law.
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Matteo Ricci and others founded the Jesuit China missions which synthesis Christianity and Confucian ideas together.
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The Tokugawa Shogunate completely unified Japan while the newly built roads improved its economy through trade.
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The Japanese avoidance of European influences is a main contributor of its homogeneous population and lack of both immigration and emigration. At this time, Christianity is officially illegal.
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William Adams, the first Englishman to set foot on Japanese soil falls ill and dies, he was the Shogunate's revered trade advisor.
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Safavid empire are very powerful.
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Shah Jahan succeeds as emperor, during this period, the court’s opulence becomes more expensive than its value.
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Shah Jahan orders that all recently built Hindu temples shall be destroyed, this ends the Mughal tradition of religious tolerance
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Shah Jahan begins building the Taj Mahal as a memorial for his wife, Mumtaz Mahal, it becomes one of the greatest examples of Mughal architecture
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Shogunate forbids overseas travel, all of Japan’s ships are forbidden to leave the country. Japanese seamen could no longer work on foreign ships; those who disobey are executed.
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Daimyo Lords are required to reside alternate years in Edo. This policy effectively curtailed the power of the daimyo, depleting their treasuries and leaving little money for armies.
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The Qing Dynasty begins when Huang Taiji of Manchuria in northeast China renames the region. New leadership in China.
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Peasants on the Shimabara Peninsula near Nagasaki revolted against the local daimyo, this uprising transformed into a Christian revolt. More than 40,000 rebels hold off government troops for over four months.
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Second conquest of the city by the Ottoman Empire as part of the Ottoman-Safavid war of 1623-1639
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Iemitsu Shogunate bans Portuguese ships from Japan’s shores and expels all foreigners due to the Shimabara Rebellion.
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The Dutch dominated foreign trade with Japan; they also became the main source of information about Europe. Allows Dutch to gain advantage over other European nations.
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The last Ming emperor hangs himself, and China acquires a new and final dynasty- the Qing.
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The young Hindu prince, Shivaji, captures Bijapur in a campaign against Muslim rulers that will result in the establishment of the Maratha empire.
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A Cossack rebellion leads to the eventual transfer of their territory from Poland to Russia. Russia becomes more powerful.
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The Russian Empire, expanding eastwards through Siberia, reaches the Pacific coast.
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Nikon becomes patriarch of Russia and introduces reforms which cause the old believers to form a breakaway sect.
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Great Edo fire occurred and most of Edo castle burned, also causing 100,000 souls to Perish. Harms Japanese economy and society.
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Dara Shikoh changes the course of the Mughal Empire.
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Aurangzeb succeeds as emperor after defeating Dara Shikoh and executing him. Aurangzeb goes on to expand the empire but his harsh religious conservatism undermines the stability of the empire and therefore marks the beginning of the decline of the Mughal’s power
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A war that broke out to gain the possession and control of Netherlands.
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England’s East India Company is granted a lease on Bombay by Charles II
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The Mughal emperor Aurangzeb builds the great Badshahi Mosque in Lahore. Presence of Islam in Mughal Empire
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Tokugawa Tsunayoshi becomes the 5th Shogun. Tsunayoshi makes his court a center of Chinese and Buddhist studies, and issues various edicts on “compassion for living.” Influences Japanese culture.
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Asante gained control and led migrations for his people.
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Canal, that is still in use today, that is settled within South France.
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Wars that were fought to gain control of trade routes.
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Peace treaty between Russia and China, agreeing to not create wars amongst each other.
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After he took the throne, he helped the country progress using ideas from other European countries.
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Throughout different regions, Qing rulers governed parts of Mongolia with altering administrative systems.
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An intellectual period that society, in Europe, quickly believed.
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Slaves were bought and deported from their homes to be enslaved.
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The Atlantic trade transported goods such as cash crops and manufactured goods.
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Their raid led to the succession of the death of their lord when samurais plotted a revenge against him.
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Russia was able to move their capital in hopes of improving the country.
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The English had an easy access to a supply of slaves from the Spanish Empire, with a higher quantity, economic production increased.
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A monarch who controlled a part of Africa; invaded and conquered neighboring lands to expand his reign to gain direct access to the slave trade.
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Afghan gets rid of the last stronghold, gaining control of the land around them.
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During its military expansion, it expanded and invaded Dahomey, forcing them to pay back.
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Janissary establishes their rule over Safavid territory.
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He did much for the culture of Qing China by working to preserve the Manchu heritage and more. However, he also led a suppression of any works that was against Qing China shaping China’s cultural identity.
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Nadir reunites and establishes control of other territories.
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Took control of the throne and ruled China.
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Under their invasions, they were able to control and capture capitals using their military.
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Allows the Mamluks to regain a powerful position in Egypt and signifies the political breakdown of the Ottoman empire that will contribute to their eventual downfall
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Signifies the political and religious breakdown of the Ottoman empire. After this event, the Sultan’s power began to slip away and more regions began to follow their local officials rather than the Ottoman government.
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The Grand Bazaar was the greatest market in the Ottoman Empire and it burning down greatly hurt the economy and led to the looting of the Janissaries. This event only represents the oncoming political and economic breakdown of the Ottoman Empire.
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Furthers Qing China’s isolationism and prevents them from entering the global economy with the other leading countries. Additionally, it prevents Qing China from gaining diplomatic allies.
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Due to their isolationism, Qing China began to suffer which would eventually lead to their downfall. The environmental decline would continue and greatly hurt the present day environment.
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The new western style of painting was vastly different from the old yangban style by including bold colors and forms. This shift altered Korea’s artistic identity and persists until the present day.
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Began a series of Russo-Turkish wars (until late 1800s.) Each war only furthered to break the Ottoman Empire and strengthen the Russian Empire.
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Their power led to further development in heavy industry and the key to future modernization greatly changing Japan’s economy.
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Adds to Russia’s land which greatly increased their economic outputs which furthered their economy and political control. Additionally, it heightens Russia’s standing in Europe and Asia.
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Ottoman Empire is forced to cede Crimea to Russia and grants Russia special rights to the Holy Roman Empire land under Ottoman control. This shows the breakdown of Ottoman Empire and their slow loss of land and control that will continue until the 1900s.
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His reign greatly affected Korea’s economy by leading to an increase in agricultural production and improved agricultural technology.
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A large number of towns and villages are destroys along with farm land. This leads to a famine that devastates Japan’s population and economy.
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Known as the worst famine to strike Japan, the famine killed approximately 20,000 people and helped contribute to a large population increase. This hurt all aspects of Japanese life and caused a downfall in their economy and social life.
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He had the longest rule of any Tokugawa Shogun. He was known for his extravagance, vanity and eventually, under his rule, Japan refused economic trade. This may have hurt the Japanese economy.
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Represents Japan’s isolationism as they refused all trade with Russia. A document was sent back with Russia that said christianity was outlawed in Japanese borders showing their religious values.
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British officials reach China for the first time and try to establish economic and diplomatic ties.
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Furthers Qing China’s isolationism and prevents them from entering the global economy with the other leading countries. Additionally, it prevents Qing China from gaining diplomatic allies.
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