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Muhammad died. His father-in-law, Abu-Bakr, and Umar devised a system to allow Islam to sustain religious and political stability Abu-Bakr began a military exhibition to enforce the caliph's authority over Arabian followers of Muhammad.
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Muslims conquered Syria and Iraq. Arab Muslim forces had appeared on the southern borders even before the death of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad.
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The official version of the Koran might have been created, Some suggest that an official Koran did not emerge until the 9th century,
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Egypt fell to the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates until 868 CE. A year before the Fertile Crescent and Persia gave in to the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates, whose rule lasted until 1258.
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700: Ghanians stopped raising certain animals and began trading with the Arabs.
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By 700 CE, chaos along the peninsula caused the Visigothic kingdom to begin falling apart. This led a path for the Muslim invasion of 711, which set Spain’s future quite apart from the rest of Europe.
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Second Siege of Constantinople. Caliph Sulieman sends 120,000 Muslims under the command of his brother, Moslemah, to launch the second attack of Constantinople. Another force of around 100,000 Muslims soon arrive from Syria and Egypt to assist. Most of these reinforcements are quickly destroyed with Greek Fire. Eventually the Muslims outside Constantinople begin to starve and, in the winter, they also froze to death.
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On October 10, Christian forces under the leadership of Charles Martel defeated a Muslim army starting a war of aggression and conquest for land. The battle is seen as a turning point in the continuing invasion of Christian lands that had been under the control of Muslims.
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The East–West Schism of 1054, The churches were formally divided the State church of the Roman Empire into Eastern and Western ,which later became known as the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church. Relations between East and West had political arguments and differences. Later, the two churches were briefly reunited in 1274. Both councils were rejected by the Orthodox as a whole.
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1062: Tenkamen became the ruler of Ghana.
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The First Crusade ended up in the capturing of Jerusalem. The Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem now begins.
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1181: the famine kills hundreds of thousands of people
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1185: Taira is defeated (Gempei War) and Minamoto Yoritomo of the Hojo clan takes power, becoming the first shogun of Japan, while the emperor becomes a figurehead.
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Delhi Sultanate, refers to the various Muslim dynasties that ruled in India. Qutb ud-Din, one of his generals, decided himself sultan of Delhi and founded a line of rulers called the Slave dynasty, because he and several of the sultans who claimed succession from him were originally military slaves.
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The Crusades were a series of Holy Wars started by the Christian states of Europe against the Saracans. The Crusades started in 1095 when Pope Claremont preached the First Crusade at the Council of Claremont.
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chosen genghis khan of the mongols
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The Magna Carta was a collection of 37 English laws of either some copied, some modified, and some new ones. The Magna Carta demonstrated that the power of the king could be limited. That was its purpose to give people their rights. King John of England was forced into signing to limit his power. It greatly reduced the power he held as the King of England. The Magna Carta then became the basis for human rights.
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King John of England and the rebelling English nobles sign the Magna Carta.
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reign of great khan ogodei
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death of oenghis khan
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mongols conquer northern china
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1235: Mali defeated the last king of Ghana.
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1235: Mali defeated the last king of Ghana.
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founding of yuan empire
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mongol conquest of southern song
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The slave dynasty came to it’s end due to revolts with rival families and conquered territories.
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1298: Delhi Sultanate annexes Gujara
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1307: Mansa Musa became the ruler of Mali.
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In Medieval England, the Black Death killed over 1.5 million people out of about 4 million people between 1348 and 1350. No medical knowledge existed , so there was no stopping it. After 1350, it hit England another six times by the end of the century. This was caused by fleas on rats which migrated across distant lands either by foot or brought along on ships when natives would arrive eventually making their own way into England.
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ming empire founded
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1398: Timur sacks Delhi, Delhi Sultante declines
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Johannes gutenburg invented the printing press. It had a huge impact across Europe, spreading information more accurate and quicker. It was usesd in many different way. People used it to write letters, write news, or upcoming events, Scientists used it to write down their work and share it directly with other scientists in order to create new things or come up with conclusions. This also caused a widespread of books being published which at the same time increased the literacy rate of England.
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reign of yongle
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voyeges of zheng he
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mogol attack on Beijing
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The Ottoman Turks capture Constantinople and the last of the imperial lands.Then in 1930, Constantinople is renamed Istanbul. Meaning "The City"
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The Treaty of Verdun was one of the most important treaties of Europe. It divided Charlemagne's empire and laid the guidelines for what would become the independent states of France and Germany. It ended a war for land inheritance.
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950: The King of Ghana became Muslim
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Syria, the Holy Land, Egypt, and Jordan were conquered by Muslim armies.
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Basil I becomes the Byzantine emperor. He establishes the Macedonian dynasty which lasted until 1025.
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The Byzantine princess Theophano marries who will now be the future Emperor Otto II of Germany.
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Basil II, the last ruler in the Macedonian dynasty later conquered Bulgaria. Giving him the name Boulgaroktomos. Meaning Bulgar-slayer.
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Arabic was declared the official language of Islam.
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The Muslim conquest finally reached Morocco in North Africa. The region was open to the rule of the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates until 800 CE.
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First Siege of Constantinople. This attack lasts off and on for seven years, with the Muslim forces spending the winters on the island of Cyzicus ,only a few miles south of Constantinople. The Greeks are able to fend off repeated attacks with Greek Fire. It burned through ships, shields, and flesh and it could not be put out once it started.
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The Sattarid dynasty, whose rul ended 930 CE, extended Muslim control throughout most of Persia. In Egypt, the Abbasid and Umayyad caliphates ended and the Egyptian-based Tulunid dynasty took over lasting until 904 CE.
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On Christmas Day in the year 800 A.D. Charlemagne was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Leo III.Immediately following the coronation, “To Charles, the most pious Augustus, crowned by God, the great and peace-giving Emperor, life and victory.” He was now called emperor and augustus. The coronation of Charlemagne created the Holy Roman Empire.