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The conflict started when 5 Arab nations invaded Palestine. Palestine immediately tried to get their independence from Israel.
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Israel launched air strikes against the 5 Arab nations, Israel ground troops quickly went it to defeat Arab forces. Israel gained control of land in the West Bank and Gaza with a large Palestine population.
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Syria and Egypt wanted their territory back. They launched a surprise attack against Israel.
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Egyptian president Anwar Sadat wanted to declare peace with Israel. But it did not happen right away.
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Anwar Sadat and Menachem Begin came to the agreement Camp David Accords. This agreement is an agreement of permanent peace between Egypt and Israel.