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Had become the supreme religion for the Roman Empire. Played an increasingly important role in the new European civilization. Developed a system of organization where parishes were led by priests, a group of parishes were heades by a bishop. Overtime, the bishop of Rome began to be known as the pope.
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Established the Frankish Kingdom in Europre.
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Fell apart and had been replaced by a number of states ruled by German kings. Only one of which provided long lasting-the kingdom of the Franks.
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Became the emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire and he was determined to reestablish the Roman Empire in the entire Mediterranean world.
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The journey of Muhammad and his closest supporters from Makkah to Yathrib, later renamed Madinah. The first year of the official calendar of Islam.
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Was named caliph, or successor to Muhammad. Defeated the Byzantine army. Expanded the Islamic Empire.
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The Byzantine army was destroyed by the forces of the Arabs. Then shrunk only consisting of Eastern Balkans and Asia Minor. Common religion was Greek and was built on the Christian faith that was shared by many citizens.
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Mu'awiyah, the governor of Syria, became the caliph and he established the Umayyad Dynasty. He also moved the capital of the Arab Empire from Madinah to Damascus, in Syria.
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Mu'awiyah moved the capital of the Arab Empire from Madinah to Damascus.
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Abu al-Abbas, a descendent of Muhammad's uncle, overthrew the Umayyad Dynasty and set up the Abbasid Dynasty. Lasted until 1258.
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The Abbasids built a new capital city in Baghdad, on the Tigris River, far to the east of the Umayyad capital of Damascus. Located on the caravan route from the Mediteranean Sea to central Asia.
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Responded to the requests of the Byzantine Emperor Alexius I for help against the Seljuk Turks. Caused the rallying of the warriors of Europe for the liberation of Jerusalim and the Holy Land from the infidels or unbelievers-the Muslims.
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A Turkish leader captured Baghdad and took command of the empire. His title was sultan, or "holder of power". The Abbasid caliph was still the chief religious authority.
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An army of heavily armed knights, under William of Normandy, landed on the coast of England and defeated King Harold and his soldiers at the Battle of Hastings. Crowned King of England.
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An army of heavily armed knights, under William of Normandy, landed on the coast of England and defeated King Harold and his soldiers at the Battle of Hastings.
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The first Crusades captured Jerusalim. It was the only successful Crusade and by 1187, the Holy City of Jerusalim fell to the Muslim forces under Saladin.
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At Runnymede, John was forced to put his seal on a document of rights called the Magna Carta, or the Great Charter.
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Gave written recognition to the fact and was used in later years to strengthen the idea that a monarch's power was limited, not absolute.
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Under the leadership of Hülegü, the brother of the more famous Kublai Khan, the Mongols seized Persia and Mesopotamia. ended the Abbasid Dynasty and destroyed Baghdad.
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Italian merchants braught the plague with them from Caffa on the Black Sea to the island of Sicily and the plague has spread to parts of southern Italy and southern France by the end of 1347. And between 1347 and 1351, 38 million out of 75 million Europeans died.
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it was a time peirod were anyone who did not folllow the cristain faith in Spain either was thrown out of the contry or converted into Cristianity.
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it was a time peirod were anyone who did not folllow the cristain faith in Spain either was thrown out of the contry or converted into Cristianity.
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Year he received is revelations from the angel Gabriel
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A new dynasty under the Fatimids was established in Egypt with its capital at Cairo, breaking away from the rest of the Arab Empire.
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The new ruler of the Frankish Kingdom. Determined and decisive man who is highly intelligent and curious. He was a strong statesman and a pious Christian. Greatly expanded the territory of the Frankish Kingdom and created what came to be known as the Carolingian Empire.
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Political and social system that was developed during the Middle Ages when royal governments were no longer able to defend the subjects; nobles offered protection and land in return for services.
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The best-known Saxon king of Germany was Otto I. in return for protecting the pope, he was crowned emperor of the Romans in 962. The title of which had not been used since the time of Charlemagne.
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In the ninth century, the Abbasid Dynasty experienced a period of splendid rule, which was often described as the golden age of the Abbasid caliphate. They conquered many of the richest providences of the Roman Empire and they now control the trade routes to the East. Baghdad became the center of the enormous trade empire that extended into Asia, Africa, and Europe, greatly adding to the riches of the Islamic world.
