Chapter 13 Political Transformations Empires and Encounters By colemcnew1 1453 Ottoman Siege of Constantinople 1480 Russia begins to grow after collapse of Mongol empire Period: 1492 to 1502 Columbus' exploration of Americas 1517 Ottoman Conquest of Egypt Period: 1519 to 1540 Spanish Conquest of Aztec and Inca empires 1526 The Mughal Empire 1529 Ottoman Siege of Vienna 1530 First Portuguese plantations in Brazil Portugal begins to colonize land in Brazil beginning the Atlantic triangle Period: 1550 to 1795 Russia expands across Europe 1607 Jamestown established The first English colony established in Virginia 1644 Qing Dynasty Founded Period: 1658 to 1707 Split of the Mughal Empire Period: 1680 to 1760 Chinese expansion into central Asia Period: 1682 to 1725 Peter the Great rules Russia Peter the Great, expands Russia into a world power 1683 Second Siege of Vienna