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Jhon Cabot claimes new continent in the name of King Henry VII of England after landing near labridor.
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A detailed map of the New World published in Rome lists for the first time Terra Nova – Newfoundland.
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French explorers under Jacques Cartier celebrate Canada’s first Roman Catholic mass, at their camp of Brest on Labrador’s coast.
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Cartier sights Prince Edward Island and calls it the “best tempered region one can possibly see.”
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Cartier becomes the first European to sail into the St. Lawrence River, which he believes is a route to Asia. Two sons of Iroquois Chief Donnacona, who are guiding Cartier, refer to their native village as Canada, the explorer’s first exposure to the name.
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Pierre de Chauvin de Tonnetuit and Francois Grave du Pont build Canada’s first fortified trading post, at Tadoussac in what is now Quebec.
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Jean de Beincourt, Sieur de Poutrincourt, builds North America’s first water-powered mill, on the Allains River in Acadia, after seeing six men die of exhaustion from grinding grain by hand.
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Samuel de Champlain founds the settlement of Quebec. Quebec city founded into becoming a capital of new France.
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Champlain helps Huron and Algonquins defeat a much larger force of Iroquois, exposing them to firearms for the first time.
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Trois-Rivières founded, becoming the second permanent settlement in New France.
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First census of North America released which recorded population at 3418.
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New France becomes a royal colony of the French crown.
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Alexandre de Prouville de Tracy concludes the first genuine French-Iroquois peace treaty in more than five decades of hostilities.
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King Charles II of England signs the charter incorporating the Hudson’s Bay trading company.
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Under the Treaty of Utrecht, France recognizes British sovereignty over Hudson Bay, Acadia and Newfoundland. France retains possession of St. Pierre and Miquelon, Ile Royale (Cape Breton) and Ile Saint-Jean (P.E.I.).
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The Seven Years’ War begins with Britain declaring war on France. It starts in North America and spreads to Europe.
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The Treaty of Paris ends the Seven Years’ War, with Britain taking possession of Canada.
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The Treaty of Ghent is signed, ending the War of 1812 and restoring Canada-U.S. borders.
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Maritime delegates at the Charlottetown Conference offer unanimous support for the idea of Confederation. The conference was supposed to focus on uniting the Maritime provinces, but an unofficial delegation from the province of Canada derailed the agenda and delegates agreed to the broad outline of a federal union that would eventually include Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick in 1867.
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The main combatants were the Canadian Corps, of four divisions, against three divisions of the German Sixth Army. The battle, which took place from 9 to 12 April 1917, was part of the opening phase of the British-led Battle of Arras, a diversionary attack for the French Nivelle Offensive.By nightfall on 12 April 1917, the Canadian Corps was in firm control of the ridge. The corps suffered 10,602 casualties: 3,598 killed and 7,004 wounded