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His parents died when he was very young and he was raised by his uncle, a rich merchant -
Muslims from the Arabian Peninsula began a process os expansion -
His teachings for a new monotheist religion the Islam, had few followers and the authorities persecuted him because of his ideas, so Muhammad had to flee, this act is called Hijra and this marked the beginning of the Islamic calendar -
The prophet converted the people of Medina to Islam and with his help they attacked Mecca and destroyed their idols -
Later, most of the people had converted to Islam -
. Was ruled between 632 and 661. Were chosen from Muhammad´s family members -
At this time many Arabians converted to Islam and the Arabian Peninsula had been politically unified -
Its capital is Damascus. They led a great expansion, conquering the Iberian Peninsula and other regions -
The inhabitans lived in travelling groups, they are nomadic herders and farmers -
Wittiwa's son Achila did not accept Roderic war -
An army of Berbers crossed the Strait of Gibraltar ad defeated the Visigoths, in this battle Roderic died -
Crossed the Strait of Gibraltar to the Iberian Peninsula, conquering most of the region. The conquered territory was called Al-Andalus -
The invading armies controlled most of the peninsula. Visigothic nobles and clerics, along with a small part of the puopulation, took refuge in the Cantabrian Mountains. -
In North Africa took over most of the Iberian Peninsula and attacked the Frankish Kingdom -
After the military conquest, Al-Andalus became a province or emirate that was dependent on the Umayyad Caliphate of Damascus -
They conquered the Beber tribes in north Africa, took over most of the Iberian Peninsula -
Armed confrontation between Asturian and Umayyad troops in Covadonga, Asturias -
Between the forces commanded by the Frankish leader Charles Martel and a Muslim army. The Franks defeated the Muslim army. -
Where they were beaten in the beaten in the Battle of Poitiers and forced to retreat south of the Pyrenees -
The Muslims faced the Byzantine Empire and they were conquering Syria, Egypt and a part of Persian Empire -
Defeated the Umayyads and took over the Caliphate -
Defeated the Umayyads and took over the Caliphate, moving the capital to Baghdad. During this period, some provinces, such as Al-Andalus, Egypt and Morocco, separated themselves from the centra power -
The last member of the Umayyad family. Fled to A-Andalus. Founded the Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba -
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The Islam expanded towards Nubia and occuped Palermo -
Nubia was in southern Egypt, occupied Palermo -
In the 9th century, they expanded towards Nubia, occupied Palermo -
The Muslims invaded southern and central Italy -
A territory independent from the authority of Baghdad -
Last independent emir and first Umayyad caliph of Cordoba -
The aristocracy, senior civil servants and the army fought for power -
Al-Andalus was divided into more than 25 independent kingdoms called Taifas: -
Political fragmentation weakened the militarily against the Christian kingdoms. This facilited the invasion of the almoravids -
It not only facilited the invasion of the Almoravids, it also facilitated the Almohads -
Christian conquest of most of Andalucia -
It was the only territory that survived the Christian advance. It was ruled by sultans or king of the Nasrid dynasty -
Was taken over by the Turks. They conquered Constantinople, the Byzantine capital -
The Islamic Empire was taken over by the Turks. They conquered Constantinople. This event marks the end of the Middle Ages -
By the Catholic Monarchs