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1273
Roman Emperor is elected by Prince-Electors
The first recorded election in the Holy Roman Empire takes place, with Count Rudolf of Habsburg being elected by nobles. -
1368
Ming Dynasty is founded
The Ming Dynasty begins in the wake of a peasant revolt -
1415
Portuguese capture Ceuta
Henry the Navigator captured the Moroccan fortress of Ceuta with a goal of instilling Christianity into the population. -
1428
Mexica begin to conquer altepetl in current-day Mexico
The Mexica people begin a series of conquests, forming them into an empire. -
1433
Zheng He's voyages end
Chinese voyages led by Zheng He halt in the wake of his death -
1438
Pachakuti begins Inca conquests
Incan leader Pachakuti began a series of Inca conquests, expanding the empire. -
1453
Ottoman Conquest of Constantinople
Ottoman Empire conquers Constantinople and renames it 'Istanbul' -
1453
Hundred Years' War ends
England and France cease fighting resulting in a Frech victory -
1492
Reconquista ends
The Spanish-Christian effort to take land from Muslims and convert people to Christianity is ended. -
1556
Akbar becomes Mughal emperor
Emperor Akbar rises to power in the Mughal Empire, located in present-day India. -
Mikhail Romanov becomes leader of Russia
Mikhail Romanov is offered royal power by Russian nobles and rises to power.