-
Charlemagne was well known to conquer lands very well, and be the "new rightful king." After hearing, the Pope asked Charlemagne to conquer the Lombards. This Germanic tribe was in Northern Italy. Charlemagne soon expelled them and became King of the Lombards. -
In 800 CE, Pope Leo III crown Charlemagne the Holy Roman Emperor. Charlemagne's biogrophers said that this crowning was a surprise, but it was not a Charlemagne used Pope Leo III to secure his power. He did this by restoring the Pope's power -
Before this time of intellectual achievements, only a percent of the population could read. This was soon noticed and teachings services were offered. The two forms of education were through the church.
-
Pope Gregory VII reformed the papacy of the church. These reforms allowed him and other successive Popes to have more power over the politics in Europe. -
The First Crusades lasted 4 years, and was right after the declaration of Pope Urban. This crusade was when they captured the Holy Land. It was easier to capture this land as this was right when the Muslim groups were divided.
-
This crusade is known as the most disastrous crusade. This was because the Knights that were sent out from Western Europe made a few mistakes. They were supposed to capture a Muslim Kingdom. However, they ended up capturing a Christian Kingdom instead. On top of that, it was the last remnant of the Roman Empire.
-
This conflict was between England and France. The war was not really a 100 years war, it was series of much smaller wars. The other reasoning is because the line of succession of England and France was intertwined.
-
The Black Death was a devastating plague. It caused a lot of deaths in many countries. This later caused a huge shortage of labor across Europe. Which resulted in people getting high wages. It may have been devastating, but it did help the working class. -
In 1378 Pope Urban VI intended to move the papacy back to Rome. This was due to the rivalry that was happening between the two popes. -
The Schism was due to three popes. This did not effect society as much as this "battle" was only within the church. The Schism ended thanks to a series of Church Councils. Who finally established a single pope in 1417.