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Osman was born in 1258. He was the son of Ertugrul. Ertrugrul conquered Thebasion, which became the initial capital of his territory.
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Osman married Valide Sultan in 1280. Valide Sultan was the daughter of Abdulaziz Bey. He was also married to a daughter of Sheikh Edebali.
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Osman's father, Ertugrul, died in 1281. Because of his death, Osman became bey. Bey is a title for chieftain, usually given to leaders of a small tribal groups.
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Osman's first son was born in 1299. By the time he died, he had eight sons, one daughter, and three wives. His first son's name was Pazarli.
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In 1299, Osman announced the independence of his own small kingdom from the Seljuk Turks. Monguls were driving the Ottoman empire westward. They were pushed toward Osman's Anatolian principality.
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Osman reigned as Sultan from 1299 to 1326. In Arabic, the term "sultan" means "strength," "authority," "rulership," and "dictatorship." The lands ruled by a Sultan are referred to as sultanate.
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In 1301, Osman established the powerful Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire ruled until 1924. They were considered very powerful because they ruled a very large area for over 600 years.
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In 1302, Osman began settling his forces closer to Byzantine areas. This was after they defeated the Byzantine near Nicaea. After that, Ghazi warriors began settling in Osman-controlled areas.
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Because of the Byzantine forces pushing the Ottoman Empire away, Osman retreated to the Black Sea. In 1312, he took control of the black sea. This caused a great focus on their powerful navy, and the Black Sea was a very important source to the Ottoman Empire.
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In 1326, Osman died. He was 68 years old. He died in the city of Sogut, Anatolia. Upon Osman's death, Bursa begins to be sieged.
