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Because of thriving cities, wealthy merchant classes, and heritage of Greece and Rome
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Prince Henry the Navigator:early development of Portuguese exploration and maritime trade
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Johannes Gutenberg invents the first printing press, sparked spread of ideas and increased knowledge and literacy
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As the Hundred Years’ War between France and England ends, Urban merchants start sponsoring artists in Flanders; trends from Italian Renaissance find their way North and intermingle with Northern ideas
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Discovered Americas for Spain
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First European to find India, claiming it for Portugal
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Martin Luther posts 95 Theses on the door of the church, protesting against the ways of the church
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Circumnavigated globe, sailed for Portugal
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Edict of Worms, declaring Luther a heretic
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Conquered the Aztecs, Sailed for Spain
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Conquered the Incas, sailed for Spain
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Ignatius of Loyola founded the society of Jesus
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Discovered Canada for France
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Discovered heliocentric theory
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Calvin turned Switzerland into a theocracy
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Elizabeth I makes Anglican Church official state church
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Pope Paul IV creates Index of Forbidden Books and burns 10,000 books in Venice
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Second circumnavigated globe, sailed for UK
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Discovered laws of planetary motion
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Made telescope/discovered Saturans
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Made discovery about circulation of blood
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King Charles fought civil war
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Becomes king of France at age 4
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Brought Charles to treason
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Writes Leviathan to support his ideals of government, supported absolute monarchy, believed all people are wicked and government puts them in place
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Louis was building Versailles which strained the money out of the government
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Discovered 3 laws of motion
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Law gave every prisoner the right to obtain a writ or document ordering that the prisoner be brought before a fair judge
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King of Russia
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Discovered gravity
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James II fled to exile in France/ William and Mary become King and Queen
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Publishes Two Treatises of Government
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Arrested for crimes against the Church, taken to Bastille
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Voltaire is forced to flee England
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Took power from church and nobles Russia out of Medieval Times
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Frederick entered a war with Austria won land and made his country stronger
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Ruled over Prussia
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Writes Spirit of Laws, developed Separation of Powers
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Voltaire writes Candide
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Writes Social Contract
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Issues Declaration of Rights of Men and Citizens
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The French Revolution starts with the Storming of the Bastille
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Tried to sneak out of Paris
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Robespierre begins the Reign of Terror with the execution of Louis XVI
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Reign of Terror ends with execution of Robespierre
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Napoleon and his army take over the French Government in a Coup d’etat, starting Napoleon’s dictatorship of France
