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1300
Renaissance begins in Italy
Because of thriving cities, wealthy merchant classes, and heritage of Greece and Rome -
1415
Prince Henry the Navigator
Prince Henry the Navigator:early development of Portuguese exploration and maritime trade -
1439
First printing press
Johannes Gutenberg invents the first printing press, sparked spread of ideas and increased knowledge and literacy -
1453
Cities start to grow
As the Hundred Years’ War between France and England ends, Urban merchants start sponsoring artists in Flanders; trends from Italian Renaissance find their way North and intermingle with Northern ideas -
1492
Columbus
Discovered Americas for Spain -
1498
da Gama
First European to find India, claiming it for Portugal -
1501
Michelangelo sculpts Statue of David
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1503
Leonardo da Vunci painted the Mona Lisa
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1508
Michelangelo paints the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel
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1509
Erasmus writes Praise of Folly
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1516
Erasmus challenges theology and translates New Testament into Greek
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Oct 31, 1517
95 Theses
Martin Luther posts 95 Theses on the door of the church, protesting against the ways of the church -
1519
Magellan
Circumnavigated globe, sailed for Portugal -
1520
Pope Leo X excommunicated Luther after he refused to recant
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1521
Edict of Worms
Edict of Worms, declaring Luther a heretic -
1521
Cortes
Conquered the Aztecs, Sailed for Spain -
1522
Luther translated the Bible into German
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1532
Pizarro
Conquered the Incas, sailed for Spain -
1534
Jesuits
Ignatius of Loyola founded the society of Jesus -
1534
Henry VIII form Anglican Church
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1534
Cartier
Discovered Canada for France -
1543
Copernicus
Discovered heliocentric theory -
Period: 1545 to 1563
Council of Trent, Catholics agree on multiple doctrines
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1553
Calvin started Calvinism
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1555
Theocracy
Calvin turned Switzerland into a theocracy -
1558
Official state church
Elizabeth I makes Anglican Church official state church -
1559
Pope Paul IV
Pope Paul IV creates Index of Forbidden Books and burns 10,000 books in Venice -
1577
Drake
Second circumnavigated globe, sailed for UK -
Globe Theatre built on Shakespeare’s behalf
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Period: to
Kepler
Discovered laws of planetary motion -
Galileo
Made telescope/discovered Saturans -
Harvey
Made discovery about circulation of blood -
Period: to
30 Year War
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Period: to
English Civil War
King Charles fought civil war -
Louis
Becomes king of France at age 4 -
Cromwell
Brought Charles to treason -
Thomas Hobbes
Writes Leviathan to support his ideals of government, supported absolute monarchy, believed all people are wicked and government puts them in place -
End of Cromwell’s Dictatorship
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Charles II Becomes king
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Period: to
Versailles
Louis was building Versailles which strained the money out of the government -
Newton
Discovered 3 laws of motion -
Right to obtain a writ
Law gave every prisoner the right to obtain a writ or document ordering that the prisoner be brought before a fair judge -
Period: to
Peter the Great
King of Russia -
James II becomes king
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Newton
Discovered gravity -
Fled to exile
James II fled to exile in France/ William and Mary become King and Queen -
John Locke
Publishes Two Treatises of Government -
Bill of Rights was made
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Voltaire
Arrested for crimes against the Church, taken to Bastille -
Flee England
Voltaire is forced to flee England -
Period: to
Peter
Took power from church and nobles Russia out of Medieval Times -
War with Austria
Frederick entered a war with Austria won land and made his country stronger -
Period: to
Frederick the Great
Ruled over Prussia -
Montesquieu
Writes Spirit of Laws, developed Separation of Powers -
Candide
Voltaire writes Candide -
Rousseau
Writes Social Contract -
National Assembly
Issues Declaration of Rights of Men and Citizens -
National Assembly was created
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French Revolution starts
The French Revolution starts with the Storming of the Bastille -
Louis XVI
Tried to sneak out of Paris -
Radicals take over government
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Reign of Terror
Robespierre begins the Reign of Terror with the execution of Louis XVI -
Execution of Robespierre
Reign of Terror ends with execution of Robespierre -
Napoleon
Napoleon and his army take over the French Government in a Coup d’etat, starting Napoleon’s dictatorship of France
