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Period: Feb 3, 1390 to
Chapter 19-20
Material covered during spark of interest in exploration -
Feb 3, 1394
Prince Henry of Portugal is Born
He would grow up to sponsor many explorations of the West African coast. -
Period: Nov 6, 1400 to
Chapter 17
Material covered during Renaissance/ Reformation -
Feb 3, 1402
Yonglo becomes Ming Emperor
He expanded the Ming territory by a great amount and laid down a foundation for the dynasty. -
Jul 11, 1405
Zheng He captains his first voyage
Led many more voyages to help expand the Ming territory, trade, and form relationships with other countries. -
Jan 8, 1409
Donatello creates his David statue
His first statue of David. Donatello later creates a more famous bronze David in 1430. The original David was very traditional and gained political meaning for the city of Florence. -
Mar 10, 1450
Johan Gutenberg invents the Printing Press
More copies of books could be made quicker. This caused the literacy rate to increase. -
May 29, 1453
Fall of Constantinople to the Turks
The fall marked the end of the Byzantine Empire, which had lasted for over 1,100 years. -
Oct 19, 1453
The Hundred Years' War Ends
Bordeaux surrendered, and left Calais the last English position in France. -
May 3, 1488
B. Dias reaches Cape of Good Hope
It proved that there was a way to the Indian Ocean (and Asia). -
Jan 2, 1492
Ferdinand and Isabella end war with Muslims
A treaty was signed where Ferdinand and Isabella gave word to the Muslims and Jews that they could live in peace (without having to worry about converting). -
Oct 12, 1492
C. Columbus spots land in North America
Led to more exploration and colonization in America. We wouldn't be here today if he hadn't discovered the continent. -
Jun 7, 1494
Spain and Portugal agree to Treaty of Tordesillas
It was an agreement to split land between the two countries. This treaty allowed Portugal and Spain to both continue to explore the lands. -
May 20, 1498
Vasco da Gama lands in India
He was the first European to reach India by an all water route (Atlantic Ocean). This would later help increase trade. -
Period: Jan 1, 1500 to
Chapter 21
Material covered in Chapter 21 -
Period: Jan 1, 1500 to
Chapter 22
Material covered in Chapter 22 -
Oct 8, 1503
Leonardo DaVinci starts the Mona Lisa
The painting included many techniques that are still used today and continue to fascinate people. -
Feb 4, 1507
Amerigo Vespucci charts New World coast
Helped make a better representation of the world (what it looks like). More accurate representation. -
May 11, 1508
Nicolaus Copernicus begins studying planetary movement
After studying for many years, Copernicus was able to develop the heliocentric theory where all the planets revolved around the sun. This is important because we still may be thinking that we revolve around the sun if it weren't for Copernicus. Also, his theory led to many other scientific advancments. -
Jul 19, 1508
Michelangelo paints the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel
Painting the ceiling was a challenge for Michelangelo. He had many obstacles, but still created a masterpiece. -
Oct 4, 1509
Raphael paints School of Athens
Finished in 1511. This sparked new interest and ideas artisticly. -
Jan 10, 1513
Machiavelli writes The Prince
Published in 1532. The book was written in vernacular language, so more people could read it. -
Oct 31, 1517
Martin Luther posts his 95 Thesis
Stated his opinions, and would begin the Protestant Reformation. -
Mar 4, 1519
H. Cortez lands on Mexican coast
He was able to conquer natives and expand Spain's territory. -
Nov 16, 1532
F. Pizzaro meets Atahualpa
He was able to capture the Incan emperor, and conquer the Incan Empire. -
Feb 4, 1534
Jacques Cartier claims land in Canada
Claiming land in Canada allowed for colonization. It also was very important with the fur trade. -
May 19, 1536
Anne Boleyn is executed
She is believed to have greatly helped in the Protestant Reformation. She also began to spark questions in the equality of men and women. -
Oct 12, 1537
Edward VI is born
He was the first born son of King Henry VIII. He ruled at 9 years old and made major changes to Catholic Churches. -
Apr 19, 1541
Ignatius of Loyola founds the Jesuit order
He is considered a major leader in the Counter-Reformation. Many people were becoming Protestants, and he helped people go back to the Catholic Faith. -
Oct 6, 1547
Ivan IV seizes power of Russia and takes on the title of czar
He rules fairly with many victories, expanding Russia, and establishing a unified law code. After his wife died, he became paranoid and organized his own police force to kill any suspected traitors. In the end, thousands were killed. -
Jul 6, 1553
Mary I becomes Queen
She is known as "Bloody Mary" because of burning many at the stake for heresy. -
Jan 16, 1556
King Philip II inherits Spain, Spanish Netherlands, and the American Colonies
He helped Spain become very wealthy from gold and silver coming from the American colonies, and he created the Spanish Armada to spread Catholicism around the globe. -
Nov 17, 1558
Elizabeth I becomes Queen
She changed her country's religion back to Anglican/Protestant. -
May 7, 1579
7 Northern Provinces of the Netherlands claim independence from Spain
This event allows the Dutch to prosper. They were able to establish a republic, open up to all races and religions, and become an economic superpower. -
English East India Company is founded
It became a large trading company with advanced military. -
Dutch East India Company is founded
This company mainly focused on trade, exploration, and colonization. They established many outposts in different countries and soon came to be one of the most successful trading companies. -
Queen Elizabeth I dies
Elizabeth I's death leads to her heirs (James and Charles I) clashing with Pariliament for a long time. They would dissolve Parliament, then bring it back, and then dissolve it again. -
Don Quixote de la Mancha was written
Written by Miguel de Cervantes. Although some believed that it was mocking chivalry, many others believed differently. It sparked interest in expanding ideas and becoming more creative. It sparked interest in modern writing. -
Henry Hudson is last seen
After his crew mutanied, they sailed back to England and gave more hope to believe that there was a passage between the Hudson bay and the Pacific Ocean. -
William Shakespeare dies
He left a sparked interest in acting. People would continue to perform his plays after he died, as well as write their own plays. -
Thirty Years' War begins
Commences the Protestant Union and the Catholic League to fight for the influence of Europe. After the two phases of the war, many countries were weakened or disappeared; however, France grew stronger. Also, all states recognized each other as equals. -
Cardinal Richelieu is appointed minister of France
He increases the power of the Bourbon monarchy, and works make France the strongest state in Europe. -
Rene Descartes lays out his scientific method in Discourse on Method
This event's significance is that this method is still used by scientists today. Experimenting may not be as refined as it is if it weren't for Discourse on Method. -
Oliver Cromwell, leader of the Puritan Parliament, dies
Charles II is appointed king by the government once Cromwell dies. Charles then works toward the Reformation, by passing the Habeas Corpus Act and encouraging theater. -
Louis XIV becomes the absolute ruler of France
This motivates him to install economic policies, increase the power of the government, expand manufacturing, and attempt to expand France's boundaries. He also forced people to build his Palace of Versailles. -
New Netherlands becomes New York
This is when the territory became part of England's "empire." -
La Salle claim Mississippi River for Spain
Expands territory by a great amount, because all rivers that flow into the Mississippi was theirs as well. -
Isaac Newton published his laws of gravity in Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy
After publication, the church became angry with Newton. He escapes punishment by describing the earth as a giant clock and God is the clock master. In the text, he describes his theory of motion based on gravity. We still refer to this theory today. -
William of Orange and Mary sign the Bill of Rights
By signing this, it gave rights to people that couldn't be taken away fromthem. It listed what a ruler could not do as well. -
Peter the Great embarks on his Grand Embassy
To reform Russia, he does this to see what the west is doing. His Grand Embassy gives him ideas for westernization. -
War of the Spanish Succession begins
It led to 12 years of fighting between many European countries. The Treaty of Utrecht was signed later on saying that Louis's grandson was allowed to remain king as long as the thrones of France and Spain were not united. Also helped Britain become more involved with slave trade, and expanded their boundaries. -
The city of St. Petersburg is founded
The building of this new city will make it easier for ships to travel west. This could also make it easier to trade. -
Maria Theresa inherits all Hapsburg territories of Austria
This leads to the start of the Austrian War of Succession. Her army and Frederick the Great's army fight against each other for Silesia. -
Anders Celsius creates his scale for measuring temperature
This event is important because this scale is still used today almost worldwide. -
Baron von Montesquieu purposed separation of power in On the Spirit of Laws
In this text, separation of powers in government is suggested. This event is important because without this idea, our modern day government probably wouldn't be like it is. -
Tom Fielding writes the novel Tom Jones
This sparked interest in a new style of writing (a lengthy, entertaining prose written in everyday language). This style is still used today. -
Denis Diderot publishes the first volumes of his Encyclopedia
This allows information to spread. If he hadn't published this Encyclopedia, there may not be one in existence today. -
Seven Years' War begins
Involved many of Europes great powers. One of the main the conflicts causing the war was the control of land in America between England and France. -
Frederick the Great attacks Saxony
By attacking Saxony, an Austrian ally, the Seven Year's War begins, involving every great European power. -
Mary Wollstonecraft is born
Mary would grow up to argue for equal education for men and women. If she had not protested, women may not have the rights we do today. -
Cesare Baccaria writes against torture in On Crimes and Punishment
With Cesare writing this text, it expanded ideas on the humanity of punishment. This event is important because we have a similar form of punishment today. (severe crime= severe punishment, little crime= little punishment) -
The start of the Partition of Poland
For 23 years, Prussia, Russia, and Austria fought for Poland land. They took little parts until it was gone. After WWI, Poland finally gained independence once again. I feel that Poland would not be the same (size, etc.) if it weren't for the Partition of Poland. -
Boston Tea Party
The Boston Tea Party was one of the many harmless protests against Britain's "laws". This gave them more courage to stand up against the king's rule. -
British Army and American MIlitia exhange fire at Lexington, Massachusetts
The first fire symbolizes the start of the Revolutionary War. Had the Revolutionary War not occured, we may have our independence from Great Britian today. -
Declaration of Indepence is Signed
Adopted on July 4, this document was not fully signed by the delagates until August 2 and 3. This is important because if it were not signed, America might still be under Great Britain's rule. -
Delegates at the Constitutional Convention sign the Constitution
This document explained how our government is set up. Without the Constitution, our modern government would probably not be as structured as it is. -
First slave revolts in Hispaniola
Slave revolts continue until around 1803, leading to the independence of Haiti in 1804. -
Beethoven Dies
Beethoven's work led to a period of Romanticism. He inspired man genres of music and is still popular today.
