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This was a time when the British began to send soldiers to inspect American ships and arrest sailors who were thought to have run away from British ships. Thomas Jefferson decided to act on this by issuing a declaration of war to Britain, after being approved by Congress.
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This was a war of the Americans against the British. They were fighting because: the British continued to try to control the Americans; the Americans wanted to expand; they wanted to put an end to ALL British control in North America by taking over Canada.