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President Madison takes Office
-The Americans were angry because Britain was arming Native Americans
-Americans resented the impressment of American sailors by the British
-Some said that the Americans honor was at stake.
-Clay, Calhoun and their supporters were called War Hawks
-New Englanders believed that war with Britain would harm American trade. -
Period: to
The War of 1812
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War Hawks Take Power
-The War Hawks were Clay, Calhoun & their supporters
-opposition to war was strongest in New England
-Englanders thought that war would harm American trade -
Relations With Great Britain Worsen
-Britain told the USA they'd keep impressing sailors
-Native Americans attacked frontier settlements
-British ships blockaded american ports
-in May, a brief battle broke out between an American ship & a British ship
-the War Hawks urged Congress to declare war -
America Not Ready For War
-British was surprised by declaration of war
-British were already fighting Napolean
-USA faced difficulties of their own
-Jefferson reduced spending on defence
-America just wasn't ready -
Congress Declares War on Britain
-the war did not come at a good time for Britain
-the British were still at war with Europe
-Americans were confident they would win the war.
-but the Americans found out they werent prepared for war. -
Britain Blockades American Ports
-the British blockaded the American coast within the first few days
-by 1814, 135 ships blockaded American ports
-the British became able to close off all American ports by the war's end
-at the beginning of the war a great sea battle was fought
-the USS constitution beat the Guerreiere -
Invasion of Canada
-before the war began, the War Hawks wanted the invasion of canada
-Hull was unsure of himself
-Hull retreated
-the British & Native Americans surrounded Hull & his army
-Hull surrendered ad the British won -
USS Constitution Scores a Victory
-the boat was nicknamed "Old Ironsides"
-the British artillery bounced off the ships because of the thick wooden hull
-to the Americans, the ship seemed as if it was made out of iron
this battle did little to win the war
-the Americans won the battle -
The Battle of Lake Erie
-the Captain had no fleet, so he built his own ships
-the British battered his ship
-the captain went over to another ship & fought
-the Americans won
-The captain said "we have met the enemy, and they are ours" -
Writing the Star Spangled Banner
-Written by Francis Scott Key
-Key witnessed the battle for Fort McHenry
-The Americans won
-Key wrote a poem
-The poem was soon set to music and became the nation's national anthem -
The Battle of Thames
-Tecumseh died fighting
-the Americans won
-without Tecumseh's leadership, the indian confederation crumbled
-the Creeks continued fighting -
Horseshoes Bend
-Andrew Jackson took command of American forces in Georgia
-Jackson defeated the creeks in the battle
-Afterward a treaty was made and the Creeks gave up millions of acres of land
-In 1814 the British defeated Napolean
-Defeating Napolean allowed more British troops to cross over the Atlantic -
Washington DC, Attacked and Burned
-To attack the Capital was the British's new plan
-Americans could not defend Washington
-Washington was set fire to.
-The British got away with ths. -
Attack on Baltimore
-The British's first objective was to capture Fort McHenry
-Fort McHenry defended Baltimore's Harbor
-Francis Scott Key witnessed the battle
-Key wrote the Star Spangled Banner -
Hartford Convention
-Delegates suggested that the New England states secede from the USA
-The Delegates threatened to leave the union if the war continued
-Most of the delegates were Federalists
-During the convention, news of the peace treaaty arrived
-The war ended, and the Hartford Convention closed quickly. -
Treaty of Ghent
-Britain was tired of war
-The two sides signed the Treaty of Ghent
-News of the Treaty took weeks to reach to reach the USA
-The Americans fought one more battle
-The Americans won that battle -
Battle of New Orleans
-After (possibly) winning at New Orleans, the British planned to sail up the Mississippi
-Andrew Jackson was waiting
-Jackson turned the fighters into a strong army
-Jacksons force included thousands of frontiermen
-The Americans won
