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The War of 1812
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President Madison Takes Office
He was a quiet scholary man.
He helped write the Constitution and to pass the Bill of Rights!
As the president he hoped to keep America out of war.
They thought his approach was too timid. -
War Hawks Take Power
Members of congress from South and West called from Britain were called War Hawks!
They had a very strong sense of Nationalism. They felt that Britain was treating the U.S. as if they were sitll a Britain colony. They were willing to fight a war to defend American rights. -
Relations with Great Britain worsen.
In spring, Britain told the U.S. they would continue impressing sailors.
Mean while, Native Americans in the Northwest began new attacks on frontier settlements
In June, Congress declared war on Britain! -
Congress Declares War on Britain
President James Madison went in to war fever.
He asked Congress to declare war on Britain, however the House of Representatives voted 79 to 49 to go to war.
Also the senate was 19 to 13!!!
Americans soon figured out that winning the war would not be as easy as declaring it! -
America is not ready for War
Jefferson believed in a small federal government and had reduced spending on defense.
The Navy only had 16 ships to fight against the huge Britain fleet!
The army was small and not little equipped!
Congress voted to give them $124 and 360 acres of land for their service.
So many came becuase they eargerley wanted the money! -
Britain Blockades American Ports
The first few days of the war the British set up a blockade of the American soast. IN 1814, Britain Navy had 135 ships blockading American ports.
After reinforcing their troops, the British were able to close all of the American ports until the end of th war. -
Invasion of Canada
In July of 1812 American troops attacked Canada from Detroit. Hull didnt have alot of self esteem because he feared he had not enough troops, so then he retreated. General Isaac Brock, British commander, then took advantage of that and surrounded them with their Native American allies! -
USS Constitution Scores a Victory
The USS Constitution Defeated British warship Guerriere.
According to sailors they nicknamed the Constitution "Old Ironsides" because British fire bounced off the ship.
To the Americans they thought the shitp was made out of iron!
It was nearly impossible for them to attack them! -
Battle of Lake Erie
In 1813 Americans went to go win control of Lake Erie. Oliver Hazard Perry did not run so he made his own ships. The British demolished Oliver's ship to were it was nothing. After that he took his flag down went to another ship, fought and finally won! -
Battle of Thames
As the British and their Native American allies retreated.
The Americans under General William Henry Harrison pursued them!
They followed the British into canada, defeating them in the Battle of Thames.
Tecumseh was among those killed in the battle. -
Horseshoe Bend
Andrew Jackson took command of American Army forces in Georgia.
On march 1814, Andrew Jackson defeated the Creeks in the Battle of Horseshoe Bend.
The treaty that ended the fighting forde the Creeks to give up millions of acres of land. -
Washington D.C. Attacked and Burned
Britsih ships sailed into Chesapeake Bay. Amercian Troops met the British at Bladensburg, Maryland. President Madison watched the battle himself.
The British made Americans scatter while they kepts on marching towards the capital!
Dolley Madison (James Madison's wife) then fled after she took important papers and a portrait of George Washington. -
Attack on Baltimore
The British marched all the way from Washinton to North toward City of Baltimore. The master key to Baltimore was Fort McHenry. That was there best and smartest defensive ideas which helped them very much! -
Writing of the Star Spangled Banner
From September 13 until dawn on September 14th, British rockted the harbor. When the early morning fog lifted, the "Broad stripes and Bright stars" of the American Flag still waved over Fort McHenry!!! -
Hartford Convention
Delegates from around New England met in Hartford, Connecticut in december 1814.
Most of those Delegates were Federalists!!!
They hated the republican President and the War.
The Delegates to the hartford Convention thereatned to leave the union if the war continued.
Then, while the Delegates debated what to do, news of the peacetreaty arrived!
The war was over! -
Treaty of Ghent
The Treaty was signed in the city of Ghent, Belgium. JOhn QUincy Adams summed up the treaty in one sentence "nothing was adjusted, nothing was settled." Britain and United States agreed to restore prewar conditions! THe treaty said nothing about impressment or neutrality. The issues had faded due to the end of Napoleonic wars in Europe. -
Battle of New Orleans
The British prepared to attack New Orleans then sail up the mississippi River, but in doing Andrew Jackson was ready fo it.He took Pensacola in Spanish Florida to Keep British from using it as a Base. Jackson had trained rifleman, so they dug trenches to defend themselves and killed nearly 2,000 British soldiers. they won Jackson became a National hero!!!!!!!!!!
