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1517
Martin Luther writes Ninety-Five Theses
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1533
Francisco Pizarro conquers the Inca Empire
Pizarro landed in Peru with 164 men, 62 of them on horseback, in 1531. The Spanish defeated the lnca at Cajamarca and captured the supreme leader Inca Atahuallpa. Atahuallpa offered a room full of gold and also two rooms of silver for his release. The Spanish took the payment and then went and killed Atahuallpa,then Pizarro captured the Inca capital which was Cuzco. -
1562
French Wars of Religion begin
The French Wars began over conflicts in France between protestants and Roman Catholics. Then in The Peace of Vervins and the Edict of Nantes ended the Wars of Religion. They also ended with Henry's embrace of Roman Catholicism and the religious toleration of the Huguenots guaranteed by the Edict of Nantes. The French Wars of Religion went from 1562 to 1598. -
1566
Ottoman Sultan Süleyman I dies
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1571
Christian alliance destroys Ottoman fleet at Battle of Lepanto
The Ottoman campaign to controlled the Mediterranean island of Cyprus resulted in the Battle of Lepanto. The naval battle between joined Christian forces and Ottoman Turks began. After four hours of fighting, the allies captured 117 galleys and thousands of men. -
Victory at battle of Sekigahara establishes Tokugawa control of Japan
Tokugawa Ieyasu established the third shogunate, in 1603. The Tokugawa shogunate expelled all foreign missionaries from Japan. As a result, Japan became isolated,which was a situation that lasted more than two whole centuries. -
The start of the Thirty Years War
In 1618 The Thirty Years War began. It was a series of disastrous battles were fought over most of Europe. Mercenary aimed pursued a “wolf-strategy, living off the lands where they were fought. The Treaty of Westphalia ended the war in 1648. -
Shakespeare’s First Folio is published
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Akbar’s grandson Shāh Jahān assumes control of India
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English found Massachusetts Bay Colony
A group of about 1,000 Puritan refugees from England settled the Massachusetts By Colony. It was settled under Governor John Winthrop. Also the trade route where they went were between Charles and Merrimack Rivers. The grant was similar to the Virginia Company. -
Pueblo Rebellion overthrows Spanish rule in the Southwest
Missionaries forced Catholicism on the Pueblo and destroyed their kivas, or ceremonial pits, masks, and other sacred objects. The Pueblo were tried in Spanish courts and faced punishment. In August, the Pueblo Rebellion overthrew Spanish rule in New Mexico for 12 years. The Pueblo Indians celebrated their victory by washing off the stains of Christian baptism, annulling Christian marriages, and destroying churches. -
Ottomans unsuccessfully besiege Vienna
The Siege of Vienna in 1529 was the first attempt by the Ottoman Turks to capture the city of Vienna, Austria. Which was led by Sultan Süleyman I. They failed to capture the city, indicating that the Ottoman Empire had reached the limit of its expansion in central Europe. -
Louis XV of France comes to the throne
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Louis XIV dies
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Thomas Jefferson writes the Declaration of Independence