The Renaissance

  • 1449

    Birth of Lorenzo de’ Medici

    The most powerful and enthusiastic patron of Renaissance culture in Italy.
  • 1455

    Gutenberg prints the first Bible

    Gutenberg produced what is considered to be the first book ever printed: a Latin language Bible, printed in Mainz, Germany.
  • 1503

    Michelangelo sculpts the David

    a masterpiece of Renaissance sculpture created in marble between 1501 and 1504 by the Italian artist Michelangelo
  • 1503

    Leonardo da Vinci paints the Mona Lisa

    a half-length portrait painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci that has been described as "the best known, the most visited, the most written about, the most sung about, the most parodied work of art in the world".
  • 1516

    Thomas More writes Utopia

    A work of fiction and socio-political satire
  • 1517

    Martin Luther posts 95 Theses on the door of Castle Church

    the priest and scholar Martin Luther approaches the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg, Germany, and nails a piece of paper to it containing the 95 revolutionary opinions that would begin the Protestant Reformation.
  • 1534

    King Henry VIII begins Protestant Anglican church

    Under King Henry VIII in the 16th century, the Church of England broke with Rome, largely because Pope Clement VII refused to grant Henry an annulment of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon.
  • 1543

    Nicolas Copernicus publishes On the Revolution of the Celestial Spheres

    published just before his death, placed the sun at the center of the universe and argued that the Earth moved across the heavens as one of the planets.
  • 1564

    William Shakespeare is born

    Born in Stratford-on-Avon on April 23, 1564.
  • Galileo invents a thermometer

    a Galilean thermometer typically looks like a tall, sealed glass cylinder containing clear liquid in which several small glass bulbs are floating.