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The fall of the Western roman empire is where many consider the end of the classical era and start of the medieval. The fall left much of Europe instable and with many people left in poverty. in its remains kingdoms sprung up across Europe including; the Anglo Saxons, the Vikings, Spanish and more. -
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Charlemagne was the conqueror of many lands including France, Germany some of Spain and northern Italy. He was considered to be a huge in educating much of his people. After he settled down he received a visit from the pope and was crowned the first holy roman emperor. This signaled the church turning their backs on the byzantine empire (which up until this point the church recognized them as the legitimate Roman empire). -
The first crusade is the beginning of a long set of unsuccessful attempts for the Christian kingdoms to retake the holy land away from the Muslims. The crusade was a blood bath for the Christians knight who were slaughtered against the Muslims superiority in weapons and equipment. -
The magna carta is the first document signed which made sure that the king couldn't abuse his power and that he was not above the law. This document is considered the first step away from a monarchist dominated world. -
The great famine (no not the Irish one) was probably the worst famine in English history. it spanned 2 years but its effects were felt for decades. It is estimated that over 1 Million people died in just 1315 (for reference the total population in England was only 4 million) the famine by everyone even the king couldnt get a loaf of bread at one point!
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The black death was the name given to the bubonic plague which struck Europe and Asia in the mid 1300s. The plague killed roughly 1/3 of the population 25 million people in Europe alone. It was supposably brought from Asia via rats and mice on trade boats and also via the Mongols who brought it to their conquered lands.
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The great schism was the time period in which their were 2 rival popes against each other competing to become the head of the church. Each pope had various kingdoms backing them.