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The first city-states gradually develop in southern Mesopotamia. This is the achievement of the Sumerian people.
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Writing begins to be developed. At first this is based on pictograms, and takes about a thousand years to evolve into a full cuneiform script.
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King Sargon of Akkad starts conquering the first empire in world history. The empire reaches its height in 2220 BCE.
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King Hammurabi of Babylon conquers a large empire. Hammurabi is famous for the law code which he issues. His empire begins to decline immediately after his
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Babylonia is conquered by the Kassites, who rule the area for 400+ years.
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Nebuchadnezzar ruled the city of Babylon
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Construction of Ishtar Gate of Babylon under King Nebuchadnezzar.