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Period: 1095 to 1291
The Crusades
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1096
The First Crusade
The First Crusade was a victory for the Christians and the Holy Roman Empire. They took control over Jerusalem and killed tens of thousands of citizens. After, the Kingdom of Jerusalem was the stronghold of the Latin Middle East.
https://examples.yourdictionary.com/crusades-timeline-examining-how-long-it-lasted -
1097
Siege of Antioch
This event began on October 1907. The Crusaders wanted to take control of the city because it was a strategic place. On October 21, 1907 laid siege on it. This is an important event and ended on June 1098.
https://www.medievalchronicles.com/the-crusades/top-10-famous-events-of-the-crusades/ -
1147
The Second Crusade
About 50 years later, the Muslims took back the city of Edessa in 1144. A year later, Pope Eugenius III, Conrad III, and Louis VII led a Crusade. The Crusaders were defeated by the Turks in Asia Minor. It also, resulted in the loss of the Christians.
https://examples.yourdictionary.com/crusades-timeline-examining-how-long-it-lasted -
1187
Battle of Hattin
This battle took place in 1187 and was between the Crusaders and the Ayyubid forces of Sultan Salah-ud-din Ayyubi. The Muslim were strategic and managed to win and capture Jerusalem. Some leaders were killed or captured.
https://www.medievalchronicles.com/the-crusades/top-10-famous-events-of-the-crusades/ -
1212
The Children's Crusade
Young boys persuaded thousands of kids and adults to convert the Muslims in Jerusalem. However, some of the Crusaders were sold into slavery, died, or headed back home before reaching Jerusalem.
https://examples.yourdictionary.com/crusades-timeline-examining-how-long-it-lasted -
1346
The start of the Black Death
The strain of Y. pestis spreads in Mongolia. It is passed to humans by a tarabagan. This leads to the Mongols spreading it to the Black sea.
https://www.history.com/news/black-death-timeline -
Period: 1346 to 1352
The Black Death
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1347
A Big Spread
A Caffan ship arrives in Sicily. In which, half the population dies. This leads the rest to move to Messina. The spread continues and moves to mainland Italy. The following summer 1/3 of the population dies.
https://www.history.com/news/black-death-timeline -
1349
Burned Alive
On February 14, 1349 a giant massacre occurrs in Strasbourg. Killing 2,000 Jews by immolation. While in Mainz, 3,000 Jews try to protect themselves from Christians, but are slaughtered.
https://www.history.com/news/black-death-timeline -
1351
Fading away
Overall there were over 20 million deaths, and resulted in half the population of Europe to be gone. However, thanks to quarantine the Black Death was gradually becoming smaller.
https://www.history.com/news/black-death-timeline -
1353
A new period
The Black Death had a massive impact on Europe. Getting a better job with great wages is easier. Housing prices rise. Great opportunities spark for the younger community. Since most of the older community is gone. This leads to an enlighten and youthful period. However, the plague is not fully gone.
https://www.history.com/news/black-death-timeline -
Jan 1, 1400
Prince Henry
Prince Henry led exploration in Portugal. He was able to expand his land. His sponsorship was a key event to the movement because it led other countries explore.
https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/112557 -
Period: 1400 to 1495
Early Renaissance
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Period: 1400 to
Age of Exploration
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1415
Portugal
Portugal's success inspire Prince Henry to do the same. Later, Portugal was able to seize the coastal city in 1415 and Muslim parts of Africa.
https://www.softschools.com/timelines/age_of_exploration_timeline/348/ -
1429
The Rise of Cosimo de Medici
After inheriting the Medici bank Cosimo rose to power. This was the rise of Rome and the de Medici family.
https://www.thoughtco.com/renaissance-timeline-4158077 -
1450
Johannes Printing Press
Johannes took ideas of his own to create the Printing Press. Since his invention was more practical, much more people were able to get knowledge and an education.
https://www.ducksters.com/biography/johannes_gutenberg.php -
1478
Lorenzo the Magnificent
Lorenzo de' Medici was the grandson of Cosimo de Medici. Lorenzo was bright boy and after his brother's assassination, he became the ruler of Florence. He was a great ruler until his death.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lorenzo-de-Medici -
1486
"Birth of Venus"
The "Birth of Venus" was a notable work by Botticelli. It shows a beautiful young lady with Zephyr and possibly Aura.
https://www.uffizi.it/en/artworks/birth-of-venus -
Period: 1490 to 1527
High Renaissance
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Oct 12, 1492
Christopher Columbus
Christopher wanted to explore the East Indies. However, he accidentally discovered the Caribbean Islands. This is a significant event because if it wasn't for him new land wouldn't have been reached or claimed.
https://www.softschools.com/timelines/age_of_exploration_timeline/348/ -
May 20, 1498
India
Vasco de Gama lands on India by going over the southern tip of Africa. This meant that Portugal was able to go straight to Asia. Plus, he found spices in India.
https://www.softschools.com/timelines/age_of_exploration_timeline/348/ -
1501
Michelangelo
Michelangelo was a sculptor, painter, and architect. He produced many sculptures. However, one of his most famous is the, "Statue of David." It is 13 ft tall and was the largest statue. -
1502
Donoato Bramante
Donato Bramante was an Italian architect. His most notable work is the new design of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome and Tempietto.
http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/history-of-art/high-renaissance.htm -
1503
The Mona Lisa
The Mona Lisa set a great example of art during the High Renaissance. Its medium showed possibilities in the art industry. Many versions of the Mona Lisa were created.
https://www.dailypress.com/news/dp-xpm-19921221-1992-12-21-9212210164-story.html -
1509
Henry VII
Henry VII was the King of England. He was a healthy boy and knew many languages. However, when his older brother died, Henry was crowned to be king. He had many wives since, his own wife, Catherine of Aragon, couldn't give him a son.
https://www.ducksters.com/biography/world_leaders/henry_viii.php -
Period: 1517 to
The Reformation
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Oct 31, 1517
95 Theses
Martin Luther, a teacher and monk published, "95 theses". This document contradicted the Catholic Church's word. He refused to keep quiet and this was the start of the Reformation.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/martin-luther-posts-95-theses#:~:text=Martin%20Luther%20posts%2095%20theses,would%20begin%20the%20Protestant%20Reformation. -
1520
The Christian Nobility of the German Nation
Luther published 3 of his works. One of them, "The Christian Nobility of the German Nation," he argued the Pope's right to interpret and confirm the interpretation of the Bible.
http://protestantism.co.uk/timeline.html -
Apr 6, 1520
Raphael Sanzio da Urbino
Raphael was a Italian artist, who was very succesful. He did trained with his dad and leater on would do portraits for elite patrons. However, he died on April 6, 1520 in Rome.
https://www.italianartsociety.org/2017/04/raphael-died-in-rome-on-6-april-1520-likely-his-thirty-seventh-birthday-unless-in-fact-he-was-born-on-28-march/ -
Period: 1527 to
Late Renaissance
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1534
King Henry
King Henry was denied the right to be divorced. This led to him going against the church. The Catholic Church is later taken down by King Henry and becomes an independent church. There were now English Bibles. -
1541
John Calvin
John Calvin was a French reformer. He sought refuge in Switzerland. His teachings spread to France, Scotland, Transylvania, Holland. His influence establish Presbyterian churches.
https://socratic.org/questions/what-were-the-key-events-of-the-protestant-reformation -
1543
"On the Fabric of The Human Body"
A book published by Andreas Vesalius. This book was the start of modern biology and the "first" great modern work of science. It showed observations about the human body never known before.
https://www.sparknotes.com/history/european/scientificrevolution/timeline/ -
1543
A Heliotropic Universe
Copernicus published his work which claimed that the sun is the center of the universe. This contradicted what many people thought, but his theory was proven accurate.
https://examples.yourdictionary.com/what-was-scientific-revolution-key-ideas-inventions -
Period: 1543 to
The Scientific Revolution
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1545
The Council of Trent
The Council of Trent was a conference held to respond to the Reformation. It was a sparking moment for Catholic Counter Reformation. As well as helped revive Roman Catholic in parts of Europe. -
The Scientific Method
Francis Bacon contributed by stating his idea of the Scientific Method. This is a great contribution from his and is still used today.
https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-scientific-revolution-timeline-breakthroughs-effects.html -
The Slide Rule
The Slide Rule was a machine that performed multiplication and division. It was in invented in 1622 by an English Mathematician, William Oughtred.
https://owlcation.com/humanities/Timeline-of-the-Scientific-Revolution
