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printing press was invented by the holy empire, Guttenberg. he invented a movable type to adapt to the screw press. able to reduce 3,600 pages per day. (during the renaissance). the numer increased compare to hand copying it.
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Rennaiassance started in italy and in the 90's it moved to france. they were still discovering and developing the Gothic Life. King francois was the ruler at that time. Architecture was going on.
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When Pope Leo excomunicated Luther three months he was called to defend his Faith. Charles V was famously defiant. because of him being hardheaded and refusal he declare him a outlaw and heretic.
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Around this time Pope Leo needed money to rebuild the Basilica of Saint Peters he eembrace Bishops and and Popes. During the last 4 years he decided to sell the indulgences.
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Founder of the Jesuits. he sent is companions missionaries around europe to create schools, colleges and seminars. he also wrote the catholic constitutions.
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Elizabeht was queen of England and Ireland in November 17, 1558. she is sometimes called the Virgin Queen becaue she did'nt have any children. also she was the fifth and last monarch of the tudor dynasty.
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War fought betweeen the Catholic League and the Huguenots. it was a Massacre of 1,000. Calvin had created the doctrine and conventions for a uniquely french protested against it.
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Henry was not expected to assume the throne of France. He was thus a good candidate for the vacant Polish throne, and he was elected with the dual titles King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania.
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This is a serious of peace treaties signed between May and October. They are thirty years of wars, they involved the holy emperor, Ferdinand III and house of Habsburg. they were signed so they could have peace.