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The crusades were religious wars sanctioned by the Latin church. The most famous is aimed at the Holy Land being reclaimed. Pope Urban II called for the first crusade in 1095.
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The Renaissance was a huge cultural reform of art and religion. The Renaissance started in Florence, Italy. The reform then moved to other parts of Europe due to trade of goods. The Church was caught being corrupt by many people who either went into hiding or were executed. Art started becoming more experimental with new artists and new techniques to use when painting.
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The Hundred Years War lasted for 116 years. The kings and kingdoms of France and England were the two at war. The war started because the king of France, Charles IV, died without a son. The king of England, Edward III, thought he had the right to take the French kingdom trough his mother. The number of deaths caused by the war is 3.5 million.
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The black death started in rats and was carried out by fleas. The rats would get on trade ships. Then the fleas would infect everything on the boat. The fleas weren't able to swallow the infected rat blood so they would vomit it back into the human that they were on. Black Death devastated over 60% of Europe and Asia's population.
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Joan of Arc was considered to be a heroine because of her role during the Lancastrian phase of the Hundred Year War. Joan of arc was considered to be a saint. Joan of Arc was 19 when she was burnt at the stake. Joan died of smoke inhalation was put out and then burnt a second time. The Cardinal of Winchester was allegedly the person that ordered the second burning. Joan of Arc was burned because she martyred, handed over to other authorities, and then executed.
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