Renaissance

Perspective

1400

Perspective is the art of drawing solid objects on a two-dimensional surface so as to give the right impression of their height, width, depth, and position in relation to each other when viewed from a particular point.

Humanism

Period: 1400 to 1650

Humanism was a Renaissance cultural movement that turned away from medieval scholasticism and revived interest in ancient Greek and Roman thought.

Lorenzo de' Medici

Jan 1, 1449

Lorenzo de' Medici was an Italian statesmen and the ruler of Florentine Republic. He was a magnate, diplomat, politician, and patron of scholars, artists, and poets. His death coincided with the end of the Golden Age of Florence.

Leonardo da Vinci

Apr 15, 1452

Leonardo was an Italian Renaissance polymath whose areas of interest included invention, painting, sculpting, architecture, science, music, mathematics, engineering, literature, anatomy, geology, astronomy, botany, writing, history, and cartography. He was the ideal Renaissance humanist, well rounded.

Pope Paul III

Feb 29, 1464

In May 1536 Pope Paul published a bull of convocation for his proposed council to be held in Mantua. He showed favor to theologians and canonists but did not neglect the fine arts.

Erasmus

1466

Erasmus was a classical scholar, wrote in a pure Latin style, and a Dutch Renaissance humanist. His father was a priest, and his mother was named Margaret, the daughter of a physician.

Copernicus

Feb 19, 1473

Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance- and Reformation-era mathematician and astronomer who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than the Earth at the center of the universe

Michelangelo

Mar 6, 1475

He was an Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet of the High Renaissance born in the Republic of Florence. He was asked by the pope to make art in chapels.

Thomas More

Feb 7, 1478

Thomas More was an English lawyer, social philosopher, author, statesman and noted Renaissance humaneness. He was killed by King Henry III when More refused to switch to the Church of England to stay with the Catholic Church.

Raphael

1483

Raphael was an Italian painter and architect. He moved to Florence to paint. He was influenced by the works of the Italian painters Fra Bartolommeo, Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo and Masaccio. Raphael moved to Rome to paint a piece for the pope.

Martin Luther

Nov 10, 1483

Martin Luther was a German professor of theology, composer, priest, monk, and a seminal figure in the Protestant Reformation. Luther came to reject several teachings and practices of the Roman Catholic Church.

Thomas Cranmer

Jun 2, 1489

Thomas Cranmer was a leader of the English Reformation and Archbishop of Canterbury during the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI and, for a short time, Mary I.

Henry VIII

Jun 28, 1491

At 17 Henry VIII married his first wife and was crowned. Created the Church of England so that he would be able to divorce his wives. And made all of England covert from the Catholic Church to the Church of England.

Ignatius of Loyola

Oct 23, 1491

Ignatius of Loyola was a Spanish Basque priest and theologian, who founded the religious order called the Society of Jesus and became its first Superior General.

John Calvin

Jul 10, 1509

John Calvin was an influential French theologian, pastor and reformer in Geneva. Institutes of the Christian Religion, was an early attempt to standardize the theories of Protestantism

Elizabeth I

Sep 7, 1533

Elizabeth held the thrown for 44 years. Elizabeth tried to clean up what her father and step-sister did to change the country to their religion by making the country to have some religion freedom.

Inguisition

1542

Inquisition was an ecclesiastical tribunal established by Pope Gregory IX c. 1232 for the suppression of heresy. It was active chiefly in northern Italy and southern France, becoming notorious for the use of torture. In 1542 the papal Inquisition was re-established to combat Protestantism, eventually becoming an organ of papal government.

Heliocentric Theory

1543

Heliocentric Theory is the theory that the Earth revolves around the sun not the other way around. The theory was first proposed by Nicolaus Copernicus.

Council of Trent

Period: 1545 to 1563

Council of Trent was an ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church. Prompted by the Protestant Reformation, it has been described as the embodiment of the Counter-Reformation. The Council of Trent went from 1545 to 1563.

Francis Bacon

Jan 22, 1561

Francis Bacon was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, jurist, orator, and author. He served both as Attorney General and as Lord Chancellor of England.

William Shakespeare

1564

William Shakespeare was an English poet, playwright, and actor, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. Was well known because he wrote in a language most people to read English.

Galileo

Feb 15, 1564

Galileo was an Italian polymath. Galileo is a central figure in the transition from natural philosophy to modern science and in the transformation of the scientific Renaissance into a scientific revolution. He proved many scientist wrong.

Sale of Indulgences

1600

An indulgence was a payment to the Catholic Church that purchased an exemption from punishment for some types of sins.The sale of Indulgences was a way for the Catholic Church to get money. This is one of the things that Luther disagreed with.

Isaac Newton

Jan 4, 1643

Isaac Newton was an English mathematician, astronomer, and physicist who is widely recognized as one of the most influential scientists of all time and a key figure in the scientific revolution.

Scientific Method

1700

The Scientific Method a method of procedure that has characterized natural science since the 17th century, consisting in systematic observation, measurement, and experiment, and the formulation, testing, and modification of hypotheses.a method of procedure that has characterized natural science since the 17th century, consisting in systematic observation, measurement, and experiment, and the formulation, testing, and modification of hypotheses.