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Period: 1509 to 1547
Henry VIII's reign
You know the story about his wives ! At the beginning = strong supporter of Catholicism (against Luther and Calvin)
1521 : wrote the Defence of the Seven Sacraments
--> the Pope made him "Defender of the Faith" Then the Pope refused to annul his marriage with Catherine d'Aragon = Schism with Roman Catholicism Important people around him : Thomas More, Thomas Cromwell, Thomas Cranmer, the Boleyn family -
Period: 1517 to
Protestantism
1517 : Martin Luther posted 95 theses on the door of the Wittenberg castle (sometimes said to be the beginning of the Reformation)"sola fide, sola scriptura, sola gratia"
Other important figure : John Calvin (more radical than Luther) --> "the doctrine of predestination" -
1534
Act of Supremacy
Made him the Supreme Head of the Church of England
He then relied on Parliament to support his position. Political Dimension :
- Reinforced the power of the Monarch (head of State + head of the Church of England)
- Increased the power of the Privy Council
- Increased the power of Parliament (mostly used to levy taxes before, then needed them for legitimacy) -
1534
Act of Succession
Henry VIII's son from his 2nd marriage would inherit the throne over the daughter he had from his 1st marriage. -
Period: 1547 to 1553
Edward VI's reign
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1549
Act of Uniformity
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Period: 1553 to 1558
Mary I's reign
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Period: 1558 to
Elizabeth I's reign