Images

Polio

By Alek Eivins
  • First Description of Polio

    First Description of Polio

    Michael Underwood, British physician, provides the first clinical description of polio. http://exhibits.hsl.virginia.edu/treasures/michael-underwood-1736-1820/
  • First U.S, Outbreak of Polio

    First U.S, Outbreak of Polio

    First outbreak of Polio in the United States took place in Vermont. There were 132 reported cases and 18 deaths. Deaths were mainly young boys.
    http://faculty.humanities.uci.edu/bjbecker/PlaguesandPeople/lecture17.html
  • Identification of a Virus

    Identification of a Virus

    Karl Landsteiner and Erwin Popper identify a virus as the cause of polio by transmitting the disease to a monkey.
    http://amhistory.si.edu/polio/timeline/
    http://dailydigestnews.com/2014/06/health-officials-identify-polio-virus-in-brazil/
    Symptoms include:
    Fever
    Sore Throat
    Headache
    Vomiting
    Fatigue
    Neck/Back pain or stiffness
    Arm/leg pain or stifness
    Muscle weakness
    Meningitis
  • Large Epidemic in the U.S.

    Large Epidemic in the U.S.

    The polio virus hit New York City hard. There were over 9,000 cases and 2,343 deaths. The nationwide death toll was 6,000 and over 27,000 cases.
    http://www.healthline.com/health/worst-disease-outbreaks-history#SpanishFlu5
  • Development of Iron Lung

    Development of Iron Lung

    Philip Drinker and Louis Shaw build the iron lung to help people with respiration issues.

  • New Terror

    In 1930 the second strand of the polio virus was found. Later ther wer determined to be three strands. Paralytic, Non Paralytic, and Sub Clinical which is the most common virus.

  • The Trap

    Scientists develop a filter to trap the polio virus.

  • First Attempt at Vaccines

    Maurice Brodie and John Kolmer test polio vaccines, with disastrous results. http://amhistory.si.edu/polio/timeline/
  • Development of the Vaccine

    Development of the Vaccine

    Dr. Jonas Salk is recruited by the University of Pittsburgh to develop a virus research program and receives grant to begin a polio typing project. He uses tissue culture method of growing the virus, developed in 1949 by John Enders, Frederick Robbins, and Thomas Weller at Harvard University. http://amhistory.si.edu/polio/timeline/
    http://caucuttcaucus.com/2013/08/29/vaccinations-xers-playing-with-nature/

  • Vaccine is first used

    Salk and his partners develop a safe non harmful vaccine for use. Using a dead form of the virus.

  • Sounds of Joy

    news of the success of the trials is announced by Dr. Thomas Francis in a formal press conference at Ann Arbor, Michigan, on April 12, the tenth anniversary of FDR's death. The news was broadcast both on television and radio, and church bells rang in cities around the United States. http://amhistory.si.edu/polio/timeline/

  • Last case as a Wild Virus

    The last case of the Polio virus was found and it was known as a wild virus.

  • Polio Virus Genome

    The polio virus genome is published.

  • The Campaign to stop it

    Rotary International, PanAmerican Health Organization, World Health Organization, Centers for Disease Control, UNICEF begin international campaign to stop transmission of polio everywhere in the world.
    http://amhistory.si.edu/polio/timeline/

  • Change of the Vaccines

    Inactivated polio vaccine replaces the oral polio vaccine.

  • 50th Anniversary

    VideoThe 50th year anniversary of the Salk announcement of a vaccine for polio.