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Began in Italy. They used formal figures to express religious concerns. It was a philosophical and artistic movement.
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An English poet during the Renaissance. Known for his many plays, and writings.
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Started the printing press and introduced printing to Europe.
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Church sells Indulgences, merchants want usury, absolute power, domination of Italians in the church.
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A painter, sculptor, and an artist during the reformation. He is known for painting the sistine chapel.
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Dutch Renaissance humanist. He was known for writing in Latin.
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An Italian artist during the Renaissance. His most famous work is the Mona Lisa, and the Sistine Chapel.
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A german monk, wrote the 95 thesis, creator of Lutheranism.
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Creator of Calvinism during the protestant reformation.
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Was the king of England. The pope had more power over him so he developed the Anglican Church.
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Was the queen of England, after her father died, and she helped make the Anglican church the official church of England.
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Was a Spanish priest who founded the religious order called the Society of Jesus.
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People develope new shipbuilding techniques allow ships to sail against the wind. Countries wanted to colonize lands where they could get gold, silver, and raw materials.The value of coins in Europe depended on how much precious metal was in them. Many did it for God, glory, and gold.
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A Portuguese explorer that sent expeditions down to Sub-Saharan Africa.
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A navigator that found San Salvador.
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Portuguese explorer that ran the Spanish expedition.
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English captain, made the second circumnavigation of the world, he was also a pirate.
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A Spanish conquer/ explorer. He brought down the Aztec Empire.
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A spanish conquer who lead a take over of the Inca Empire.
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Helped the development of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence. Found what is present-day Canada.
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An explorer, the first person that reached India by water.
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The king has ultimate authority, and authority is not restricted by any written laws.
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King of Prussia and longest ruler of Prussia. Won the seven years war.
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Tsar of Russia. Fought in the Russo-Persian war.
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People were curious due to the Renaissance. Scientists developed the scientific method. The study of nature became more organized. Developed Astronomy, Physics, and Anatomy.
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A Polish scientist and the founder of Astronomy. Built a heliocentric model.
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Tried to use mathematics to prove that the planet orbit around the sun. Discovered the three laws about how planets orbit in space.
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Invented the telescope. He supported Copernicus's theory and said that everything revolves around the sun.
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Discovered that planets revolve around the sun. Explained the laws of gravity, and laws of motion.
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Studied the circulation of blood along with Andreas Vesalius.
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A war between the parliament and the English monarchy. On one side the Parliament, also known as the Roundheads, against King Charles and his army, known as the Cavaliers.
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Built the Palace of Versailles, Used the palace to control nobles. He worked to make the kings power absolute.
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Monarch of England. He believed in divine rights of kings. He fought in the English Civil War against the Parliament.
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Fought the English Civil War. Was part of Parliament until he took over after Charles I died.
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Oliver Cromwell set up a dictatorship of which he was in charge. This dictatorship had very strict religious rules. When Cromwell died, Parliament asked the son of the king they’d overthrown to become the new king. James came into power and he was just like his father, Charles I. He believed that he should have absolute power, and he ignored the Parliament. He was Catholic-- not Anglican. Once again parliament wants to revolt.
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Monarch of England. Fled to France after his father was executed. During the Restoration Charles II was reinstated in 1661.
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Is King James II daughter. The Parliament asked her and her husband William, to rule so King James II son couldn’t be appointed.
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The Enlightenment was an intellectual movement and was influenced by the Renaissance. People wanted reason and people believed that the scientific method could explain human nature.
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A political Philosopher that wrote The Spirit of the Laws. He believed that England had the best government, formed the idea of separation of powers.
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Wrote the Candide. Believed Separation of Church and state, and religious tolerance.
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Wrote the Social Contract. Believed that government is a contract between the ruler and the people. Civilization means stronger ruled over the weaker.
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Wrote 2 Treatises on civil government. Believed that everyone has the right to life, liberty, and property.
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Wrote the Leviathan. Said people need an absolute monarch to protect people from themselves.
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A French artist. Most famous work is the massacre at Chios.
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The French Revolution was influenced by Enlightenment ideals, particularly the concepts of inalienable rights.
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Was ruler during the French Revolution. He tried to sneak out of Paris and when he did, the radicals took over the government.
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Was a military leader. Rose to power during the French Revolution.
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A Spanish writer and novelists. He was known for writing his books in Spanish.
