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1485
Reign of Elizabeth I
In these years, England was restored to Protestantism and a stable church of england was established with its own principle beliefs. -
1494
Italian Wars
King Charles VII of France invaded Italy, creating a series of wars fought between France and Spain over control of the Italian Peninsula. helped expose Europe the Italian Renaissance -
1517
Martin Luther Writes 95 Theses
Martin Luther writes up points coming from the people that he believed the church and pope needed to change/fix about religion and injustictice of power in the church. -
1524
Peasant’s War
peasants at unrest due to high taxes, lack of power ,and freedom. peasants stormed castles and monasteries, Luther doesn't help. -
1534
Act of Supremacy in England
Declared Elizebeth supreme governor of the church and requires anyone taking a church office position to take an oath of supremacy and loyalty to the church. -
1536
John Calvin’s Institutes of the Christian Religion
a book to summarize protestant theology that expressed ideas of God and salvation -
1540
Jesuit order founded
The society of Jesus were members of the popes following (Jesuits). they founded schools throughout Europe and taught classical studies and theology. their goal was to convert non-Christians to Catholicism. -
1542
Start of Roman Inquisition
a Church court called the Roman Inquisition to fight Protestantism. its main goal being to impose religious uniformity by using very harsh methods. -
1545
Council of Trent
a meeting of Roman Catholic leaders, formed and brought together by the Pope Paul III to criticize doctrines made by the Protestant reformers. -
1555
Peace of augsburg
officially cut ties between lutheranism and catholicism in Germany and ended the religious struggle between the two groups allowing them to peacefully coexist. -
1560
Scotland becomes Calvinist
a Scottish preacher named John Knox introduced calvinism to scottland. his followers were called Presbyterians. by 1560s, Protestants made Calvinism Scotland’s official religion. -
1572
St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre
Catholic mobs angrily hunt for Protestants and murder them. The massacres six months and 12,000 Huguenots were killed -
Edict of Nantes
Henry IV grants that Protestants could live in peace in France and worship however and wherever they wanted in some French cities.