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The First Crusade 1095-1102 was a military operation by Western European armies to retake the city of Jerusalem and the Holy Land from Muslim control. Pope Urban II conceived the crusades at the appeal of the Byzantine emperor Alexius I, and the Christian army took control of Jerusalem on July 15, 1099, a success. -
Charlemagne was the Frankish king in 768, the Lombard king in 774, and the Roman emperor in 800. In the early Middle Ages.
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The fall of the Western Roman Empire marks the beginning of the Middle Ages. Western’s Rome collapse was due to a string of military losses. Rome had fought with Germanic tribes for centuries. In the 300’s barbarian groups encroached beyond the Empire’s borders. For several decades the Empire was under threat. In 476CE the Germanic Leader Odoacer staged a revolt and deposed Emperor Romulus Augustulus.
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The Black Death was a plague pandemic that occurred in Africa-Eurasia from 1346 to 1353. It was the deadliest pandemic recorded in human history, killing 7.5-200 million people in Eurasia and North Africa, peaking in Europe from 1347 to 1353.
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The Great Famine, also known as the Irish Potato Famine, the Great Irish Famine or the Famine of 1845-49, was a famine in Ireland of 1845-49 when the potato crop failed year after year. Crop failure is caused by late blight, which destroys the leaves and edible roots or tubers of potato plants.
