-
400
Greeks - 400 B.C.E.
1)Began the study of disease
2)Hippocrates
A) "The Father of Medicine."
B) Wrote a code of ethics for physicians called the Hippocratic Otath.
Natural explanations- Hippocratic doctors looked for natural causes for diseases rather than blaming gods or spirits.
Clinical Observation- Hippocratic doctors observed the whole patient, noting all symtoms. Carefully recorded everything that happened and wrote it down.
Code of Behavior- Doctors had to treat their patients with respect. -
400
Dark and Middle Ages- 400-1400 AD or CE
1) Study of medical science stopped for over 1000 years
2) Medicine practiced only in monasteries and convents
3) Used herbal medicine
4) There were many plagues and epidemics- bubonic plagues diphteria, small pox, syphillis, tuberculosis -
500
Egyptians- 3500-500 B.C.E.
-
Oct 4, 1400
The Renaissance- 1400 - 1650 AD or CE
1) Rebirth of science- the renaissance stimulated medical practice just as it did all other European intellectual pursuits. Physicians and scholars began to scientifically study medicine.
2)Medical Schools were built
3)The printing ress made books possible and knownledge was shared. It is hard to believe its impact the printing press was the info superhighway of its day
4)Accepted the study of the body by dissection- the church did not permit the dissecttion of `God fearing bodies` -
Apr 15, 1452
Lenardo da Vinci
Artist who used dissection to draw the human body. -
Apr 1, 1578
William Harvey
Described the circulation of blood to and from the heart -
Gabriel Fahrenheit
Created the first mercury thermometer. -
Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries
1) Andreas Vesalius and Lenardo Da Vinci dissected human bodies and made the first anatomical drawings. These helped in understanding the organs and systems of the human body.
2) William Harvey- Described the circulation of blood and the pumping of the heart
3) Anton Von Leeuwenhoek- invented the microscope -
Edward Jenner
Developed a vaccine for smallpox -
Eighteenth Century
1) Rene Laennec invented the stethoschope
2) Benjamin Franklin invented bifocals and found that colds could be passed from person to person.
3) Edward Jenner vaccination for smallpox (which is related to cowpox) -
Dorothea Dix
Appointed Sperintedent of female Nurse of the Army -
Florence Nightingale
Founder of modern nursing. -
Gregory Mendel
Established the patterns of heredity. -
Joseph Lister
Began using disinfectants and antiseptics during surgery. -
Robert Koch
Developed the culture plate method to identify pathogens. -
Wilhelm Röntgen
Discovered X-rays -
Sir Alexander Fleming
Discovered penicillin -
Louis Pasteur
Began pasteurizing milk to kill bacteria -
Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
1) Joesph Lister - the first doctor to use an antiseptic during surgery to prevent infection in the incision
2) ignas Semme =l Weiss identified the cause of maternal infections and institued hand washing. Medical students would deliver babies after coming from cadaver lab without washing their handsm causing the death of many newbor babies and mothers. Die from a cut during an autopsy.
3) Loius Pesteur- Rabies vaccine proved that microorganisms causded disease and discoverd that heating milk. -
Marie Curie
Isolated radium -
Chinese
Used acupunture to relieve pain and congestion. -
Romans 3rd century
Began public health and sanitation systems -
Dark Ages 15th centuries
Emphasis was placed on saving the sould and study of medicine was prhibited -
Rhazes 854 CE – 925 CE
An Arab physicians who began the ue of animal gut for suture material.
