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Regulation of Medical Care began during the Middle Ages. Physicians and Surgeons received different training. Physicians learned by reading books and training with experienced doctors.
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By the 13th century, there were scores of hospitals in the Muslim world. Religions based on the Qur'on taught their followers social responsibilities including the rich providing for the poor, and the healthy caring for the sick. These rules led the founding of many Islamic hospitals.
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The scientific method is a process used to aquire new knowledge. Instead of guessing or supernatural to explain events and diseases, people began to look for the real causes of what they saw around them.
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In the 14th Century a French Woman named Jacoba Felicie was tried for practicing medicine without a license. She went to court and defended herself by saving that women were embarrassed to go to a male physician for treatment. The judge did not accept her reasoning, so she was forbidden to practice medicine.
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The printing press made it possible to publish books faster. New information about new discoveries could be spread quickly.
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In the Middle Ages barbers cut more than hair. Barber-Surgeons performed surgery to treat cataracts and practiced phlebotomy or (bloodletting). They also served with the military and treated injuries in battle.
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This invention allowed much more accurate observation of patients and symptoms. Doctors could explain diseases and test it by experimentation and observation.
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Built one of the first reflecting microscopes.
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During the Age of Enlightenment, a philosophical movement of the 1700s, studies of human anatomy took place. These investigations were forbidden by the church in the past and helped correct many beliefs.
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He discovered that milkmaids exposed to cowpox did not get smallpox. He began inoculating people with the fluid from cowpox blisters. This began the practice of vaccination.
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Persian doctor Rhazes discovered the difference between smallpox and measles. He wrote his findings around CE 900, but his works were used until the 1800s. Rhazes played a role in development of medicine as a science by building on the ideas of Hippocrates.
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This tool was a new way to diagnose things.
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During this period the use of an anesthetic began. It maid painless surgery possible.
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He was ridiculed for insisting that we use carbolic soap to disinfect instruments and clean hands before doctors moved to another patient. Today we call his practice hand washing as a way to prevent spreading infections.
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He discovered that pathogens or disease producing microorganisms are the source of some diseases and proved that Lister was correct.
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This project identified all of the 20,000-25,000 genes in human DNA. This knowledge has been crucial in the development of many new and individualized drugs and treatments.
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Discovered the cure for Hapatitis C, which s a viral infection that causes liver inflammation, sometimes leading to serious liver damage.
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Healthcare professionals today need to be able to think critically and use flexible approaches to problem solving. Learning and adapting to change are necessary to maintain competency in the high tech environment of modern healthcare.
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These records and electronic communication provide instant transmission of information
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People in many areas of the world today are living longer and healthier lives because of vaccines, clean water, and better nutrition. Unlike earlier times, they did not have any of these things provided for them, which is why people died more and lived a short time.
