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Explained in the title.
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Leonardo da Vinci begins disecting corpses, allowing humans a deeper understanding of human anatomy,
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The United States of America stated its independence from Great Britain with the signing of the Declaration of Independence.
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James Blundell completes the first human blood transfusion after years of failure and animal experiements.
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Crawford W. Long becomes the first surgeon to use a general anesthetic.
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The war between the North and the South begins in the newly formed America with the "shot heard round the world."
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Adolf Gaston Eugen Fick becomes the first person to invent contacts.
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Felix Hoffman is credited with the production of this multi-use drug.
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World War One begins following the assassination of the Austrian archduke, Franz Ferdinand and his wife.
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Bernard Fantus creates the use the first blood bank in Chicago.
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The Decleration of war is officially stated in the United States on this date.
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Multiple scientists are credited with the creation of the first influenza vaccine.
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John Hopps creates the first cardiac pacemaker.
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Jonas Salk develops the first polio vaccine.
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Robert S. Ledley invents CAT-Scans.
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Smallpox is eradicated through the use of medication in the United States.
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Alec Jeffreys comes up with a genetic fingerprinting method.
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Dolly the sheep is cloned by Ian Wilmut, Keith Campbell and colleagues at the Roslin Institute,
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The first vaccine is created that specifically targets a type of cancer by various scientists in a collaborative event.
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Researchers in Japan used stem cells to develope the first man-made eggs.