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The first official public Mass is under strict Government supervision and is celebrated by prisoner priests
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Father John Therry and Father Philip Conolly, who were Australia's first official priests, arrive in Sydney, NSW. Father Therry opens the first Catholic school in Parramatta and lobbies Governor Macquarie for land on which to build the settlement's first Catholic church
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The first Catholic school is founded by Father Therry on Hunter Street, Parramatta
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The penal laws that prevented Catholics holding Government positions end
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Polding launches the first Catholic Mission to the Aboriginal community on Stradbroke Island, Queensland. Queensland is part of the Archdiocese which encompasses an area now covered by NSW, Victoria and Queensland.
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Archbishop Polding consecrates Father Francis Murphy as Bishop of Adelaide in the first episcopal consecration to take place within Australia.
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Archbishop Polding consecrates Father James Goold as the first bishop of Melbourne in the second episcopal consecration to take place at Sydney's St Mary's Cathedral.
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The NSW Government passes a bill to get rid of State aid to religion.
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Jesuits arrive in Sydney
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NSW Catholic Bishops issue a Joint Pastoral Letter stating that Catholics need to send their children to a Catholic school unless given special dispensation by their parish priest
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The "Catholic Press" prints and distributes its first issue of newspaper
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The Australian Catechism inaugurated
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Mother Mary MacKillop dies
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Formation of the Australian Catholic Federation in NSW. The inaugural meeting is held at St Mary's Cathedral
The NSW branch of the Catholic Women's Association is founded by Esther Cannon and endorsed by Archbishop Kelly. Later it will change its name to the Catholic Women's League -
The catholic teachers federation was formed
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James Scullin becomes the first Australian Catholic prime minister
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Death of Pope John XXIII. Pope Paul VI becomes the new pope
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Pope Paul VI is the first pope to visit Australia
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Australia is no longer a mission country
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Death of Pope John Paul II. Therefore Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger is elected to be Pope Benedict XVI