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The civilization of Ancient Greece emerged into the light of history in the 8th century BC. It began with the first Olympic Games in 776 BC and after the creation of hundreds of city-states. It is considered by most historians to be the foundational culture of Western civilization. Ancient Greek history is conventionally broken down into three periods: Archaic period, Classical period and The Hellenistic Period -
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With the Gradual development of statehood and civilized life
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Greek society was comprised of independent city-states that shared a culture and religion. There were four main political systems: democracy, monarchy, oligarchy, and tyranny. Some city-states changed between these types. The first known democracy in the world was in Athens. It served as one of the first forms of self-rule government in the ancient world.
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Bracketed by two world-changing invasions: the Persian invasions of Greece and Alexander the Great’s invasion of Asia.
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Music was essential to the pattern and texture of Greek life. The Odeion (roofed concert hall) was built in 435 BC by Pericles for the musical contests that formed part of the Panathenaea -
The Greeks made important contributions to philosophy, mathematics, astronomy, and medicine. Literature and theatre was an important aspect of Greek culture and influenced modern drama. The Greeks were known for their sophisticated sculpture and architecture. Acropolis and other major building projects begin in Athens (449-432) -
Or independent Greek, which ended with the fall to Rome.
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The final demise of ancient Greece came at the Battle of Corinth in 146 B.C.E. After conquering Corinth the ancient Romans plundered the city and wrecked the city making ancient Greece succumb to ancient Rome. -
Death of Cleopatra - 30 BCE End of "Ancient Greece" period -
The Middle Ages began in year 476 when the Roman Empire fell -
The Middle Ages began in 476 when the Roman Empire fell and the Middle Ages ended in 1492 when the Bizantine Empire fell and America was discovered.
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Liberal arts were divided in two groups: trivium and quadrivium -
Compilation of liturgical songs by the Catholic Church. This musical repertoire is called Gregorian chant because of Pope Gregory the Great who was the first compiler. The
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He invented a system that is the origin of music notation in XI century -
There are two periods: Ars Antiqua during 12 and 13 centuries (The first form of poliphony was the organum)
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Poliphonic Music was more complex. Secular music was more important
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Fist period of Renaissance music with the cultivation of cantilena style
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Middle period dominated by Franco-Flemish school and the four-part textures
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It started with the fall of the Byzantine empire in 1453 and ended with the French Revolution in 1789, It was the rebirth of the culture of Greece and Rome. Humanism was the cultural movement.
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The Middle Ages ended in year 1492 when America was discovered -
The secular music was more important. A madrigal is a form of secular vocal music most typical of the Renaissance (15th–16th c.). As written by Italianized Franco–Flemish composers in the 1520s, the madrigal partly originated from the three-to-four voice frottola. -
In January 1521, Pope Leo X excommunicated Luther. He was the founder of the Protestant Reformation and there were changes in music vs the Council of Trent that established strict rules for Catholic Religious music -
Final period: Counterpoint of Palestrina and Roman School
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The Renaissance ended with the French Revolution in 1789