-
-
Evil Spirts
-
Tribal ceremonies to get rid of evil spirts -
Digitalis is given in pill form to help with the heart
Quinine comes from bark of cinchona tree and helps control fever, relieves muscle spasm
Belladonna and atropine are made from a poisonous nightshade plant and helps relieve muscle spasm -
-
The Egyptians were the earliest people to keep accurate health records
Priests acted as physicians
Used medicines to heal diseases -
The ancient Chinese were the first to use primitive acupuncture therapies -
They were the first to study the cause of disease and to determine that illnesses may have natural, rather than spiritual, causes
Religious custom did not allow bodies to be dissected
Hippocrates were the father of medicine, would observe the external body, found out disease was not caused by supernatural -
The Roman’s learned from the Greeks and developed a sanitation system, began public health
Romans were the first to organize medical care, sent medical equipment and help to care wounded soldiers
Kept room in houses for the sick which eventually turned to hospitals -
-
Church believed life and death was in Gods hands, monks and priests had no interest on how the body functioned -
Scientists have discovered vaccines and medications to control diseases -
-
Terrible epidemics caused millions of deaths during this periods. -
-
Built universities and medical schools for research
Acceptance of dissection of the body for study
The development of printing press and publishing books, allowing greater access to knowledge from research -
-
Studied and recorded the anatomy of the body
-
Discovered the fallopian tubes of the female anatomy
-
Discovered the tube leading from the ear to the throat
-
Used this knowledge to understand physiology, he was able to describe the circulation of blood and the pumping of the heart
-
He invented the microscope and knew that life was smaller than the eye can see
-
The start of early pharmacies
-
-
Discovered bifocals, and he found that colds can pass from person to person
-
Students didn't just sit through lectures they would also observe patients at bedside, when a patient died they dissected the body and were able to observe the disease process
-
Discovered the element of oxygen, he also observed that plants refresh air that has lost its oxygen, making it usable for respiration
-
Discovered the method of vaccination for smallpox
-
Invented the stethoscope, helped doctors being able to hear the heart and lungs
-
-
Identified the cause of childbed fever, she also knew that these physicians has dirty hands and they would infect women when they would give birth
-
She would volunteer in hospitals, she was dedicated to being a nurse and helped soldiers with cholera, she also designed a hospital ward
-
“Father of Microbiology” discovered that tiny microorganisms were everywhere, he knew they caused disease, he created vaccine for rabies
-
Discovered that some diseases are caused by microorganisms that cannot be seen by a microscope, called viruses
-
Learned about Pasteur’s discovery that micro-organisms cause infection, he used carbolic acid on wounds to kill germs that cause infection, was the fist doctor to use an antiseptic during surgery
-
Developed asepsis, he knew that germs caused infections in wounds, developed a method to keep an area germ free before and during surgery, beginning of asepsis
-
Discovered many disease-causing organisms, developed the culture plate method to identify pathogens and also isolated the bacterium that causes tuberculosis, introduced the importance of cleanliness
-
Discovered the effect of medicine on disease causing microorganisms, didn't kill all bacteria, he completed 606 experiments on the 606th experiment he finally found a chemical to treat syphilis
-
Discovered x rays in 1895, took the very fist picture using x-rays of his wife’s hand, his discovery helped doctors be able to see inside the human body and help discover what’s wrong
-
Early physicians used herbs, hashish, and alcohol to help relieve pain of surgery, many patients died from shock and pain, nitrous oxide, ether and chloroform were discovered, these drugs helped put patients into a deep sleep
-
Found that penicillin killed life threatening eating bacteria, one of the most important discoveries of the twentieth century
-
Discovered the conscious and unconscious parts of the mind, studied unconscious mind on the body, he discovered that the mind and body work together, this led to an understanding of psychosomatic illness, his studies were the basis of psychology and psychiatry
-
Discovered sulfonamide compounds, these compounds were the first medications effective in killing bacteria, changed the practice of medicine by killing deadly diseases
-
Discovered that a dead polio virus would cause immunity to poliomyelitis, this vaccine saved many people
-
Used live polio virus vaccine
-
Discovered the molecular structure of DNA, their model served to explain how DNA replicates and how hereditary information is coded on it, set the stages for molecular biology that continue to this day, won noble prize in medicine for this discovery
-
Performed the fist successful heart transplant in 1968
-
Continues to pioneer in separating Siamese twins and performing hemispherectomies, surgeries on the brain to stop seizures
-
-
- The possibility of eliminating disabling disease through genetic research
- The ability to transplant organs from a donor to a recipient
- The ability to reattach severed body parts
- The ability to use noninvasive techniques for diagnosis
- The advancement in caring for the unborn fetus
- The possibility of eliminating disabling disease through genetic research