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May 29, 1453
Ottomans Conquer constantinople
The ottoman empire, an islamic empire, conquered constantinople and took over trade operations in the middle east. The empire would spread throughout the Middle East and North Africa until 1919. -
Sep 7, 1533
Elizabeth I becomes queen of England
Sometimes called The Virgin Queen, Gloriana or Good Queen Bess, the childless Elizabeth was the last monarch of the Tudor dynasty. She was the queen of England and Ireland until November 17, 1558 -
England defeats the Spanish Armada
Queen Elizabeth eliminates the Spanish Armada. Afterwards, Spain was no longer the most powerful country in the world after over 100 years of rule. -
Tokugawa Shogunate
Tokugawa clan takes over imperial japan and establishes itself as the shogun. they establish the capital at kyoto and rule until 1857 -
The Thirty Year war
The Thirty Years' War was a series of wars in Central Europe between 1618 and 1648. -
The English Civil war
The English Civil Wars stemmed from conflict between Charles I and Parliament over an Irish insurrection. Both sides lived in the same country. -
Manchus founded the Qing Dynasty in China
Manchus member of a people originally living in Manchuria who formed the last imperial dynasty of China -
Peter the Great becomes Czar of Russia
Having ruled jointly with his brother Ivan V from 1682, when Ivan died in 1696, Peter was officially declared Sovereign of all Russia. Peter inherited a nation that was severely underdeveloped compared to the culturally prosperous European countries. Westernized/Modernized Russia. Those that had a beard had to pay a beard tax. -
The Industrial revolution
A time where humans break away from human labor (farming, planting, cropping, ect.) and convert more towards machinery. Jethro Tull created the seed drill making it easier to plant. Eli Whitney created the cotton gin causing a higher demand for slave labor. James hargreaves created the spinning jenny which would weave cotton instead of doing it by hand. There were much more inventors that contributed to the industrial revolution. -
Catherine the Great becomes the Czarina of Russia.
After the death of the Empress Elizabeth, Peter succeeded to the throne as Emperor Peter III, and Catherine became empress consort. Catherine was one of the longest ruling emperors to ever live. -
British colonies of North America declare their Independence.
In the spring of 1776, support for independence swept the colonies, the Continental Congress called for states to form their own governments and a five-man committee was assigned to draft a declaration. Britain loses their number one colony. -
The French Revolution.
During this period, the french people redesigned their political landscape. The idea of an absolute monarchy and a feudal system was uprooted. Much like the American Revolution, the French Revolution was inspired by enlightenment. -
The Napoleonic Age
Generally classified as the fourth period of the French Revolution. It begins with Napoleon Bonaparte's coup d'etat overthrowing the directory, establishing the French Consulates. -
Mexico declares its independence from Spain
Mexico becomes its own breaks away from spain becoming its own country. Spain loses one of its colony's losing some of its workers. Most of the people leading this were European. Mexico declares its independence -
The Great Reform bill of 1832
This bill was created to take the voting privileges away from the less wealthy area or the nobility and to give it to the more populated industrial towns. -
The Opium War
The Opium Wars were two wars in the mid-19th century involving Anglo-Chinese disputes over British trade in China and China's sovereignty. The disputes included the First Opium War and the Second Opium War. Due to the fact that China would only accept iron from the British, there was a lot of tension between the two countries. Another main cause for the Opium Wars was Opium (hints the name). -
The Great Potato Famine
The Great famine (also known as the Irish potato famine) was an epidemic that took place in Ireland. The potato crop appeared to be inaccurate with production.This was caused by the potato blight also known as phytophthora infestans. It was a mold in the water that would be used to grow potatoes. The disease made it hard for farmers to supply the market with cereal crops which were the majority of food eaten in Great Britain. -
Karl Marx and Frederic Engels publish the Communist Manifesto
The Communist Manifesto reflects an attempt to explain the goals of Communism, as well as the theory underlying this movement. It argues that class struggles, or the exploitation of one class by another, are the motivating force behind all historical developments. -
The Unification of Germany
A Junker (the Prussian name for an aristocratic landowner from old Prussia in the east) named Otto von Bismarck pushed German unification through "blood and iron" and skillful understanding of realpolitik. -
The Taiping Rebellion
The Taiping Rebellion or Taiping Civil War was a massive rebellion or civil war in China that lasted from 1850 to 1864 fought between the established Manchu-led Qing dynasty and the Millenarian movement of the Heavenly Kingdom of Peace. -
The British Colonization of India
The East India company lost control of the government. Due to the huge population along with various riches within India, Britain gained interest in the colonization of India. Britain came to India and colonized it seizing control over India's government. -
The Unification of Italy
The movement to unite Italy into one cultural and political entity was known as the Risorgimento. Garibaldi, outmaneuvered by the experienced realist Cavour, yielded his territories to Cavour in the name of Italian unification. In 1861, Italy was declared a united nation-state under the Sardinian king Victor Immanuel II.The entire boot of Italy was united under one crown. -
Charles Darwin publishes The Origin of Species
The Origin of Species is a work of scientific literature by Charles Darwin which is considered to be the foundation of evolutionary biology. It gave humans a grasp of how much we have evolved and grew as a species. -
The Civil War begins in the United States
Probably one of the bloodiest wars to ever go down in history. The Civil War began because of slavery. The South wanted to be able to keep their slaves and take them wherever they please around the country without consequence. The North did not approve of this and in retaliation, the South broke away and created the Confederacy. The Confederacy then bombed Fort Sumter. -
The Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation was an executive proclamation created by President Abraham Lincoln on January 1st, 1863. It's purpose was to completely abolish slavery and in both the South and the North. -
The Meiji Restoration
The Meiji Restoration was a the political revolution that brought about the fall of the Tokugawa shogunate and returned control of the country to direct imperial rule under the emperor Meiji, beginning an era of major political, economic, and social change known as the Meiji period. -
The Suez Canal
The Suez Canal is considered to be the shortest link between the east and the west due to its unique geographic location; it is an important international navigation canal linking between the Mediterranean sea at Port said and the red sea at Suez. -
The Berlin Conference
The conference that sets up the stage to divide Africa. ALso known as the "Scramble for Africa. -
The Russo-Japanese War
Japan was capable of defeating Russia. This showed people of Europe that Japan had gained a lot of power. Russia lost a lot of power because of this loss. -
The Mexican Revolution
This revolution was a long and bloody struggle among several factions in constantly shifting alliances which resulted ultimately in the end of the 30-year dictatorship in Mexico and the establishment of a constitutional republic. -
World War I
The immediate cause was the assassination of Franz Ferdinand, the archduke of Austria-Hungary. The Allies, which made up of 27 states including France, Britain, Russia, Italy , the United States, Rumania, Greece, Serbia and Japan, fought against the Central Powers including Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey and Bulgaria. -
The Russian Revolution
In 1917, two revolutions swept through Russia, ending centuries of imperial rule and setting in motion political and social changes that would lead to the formation of the Soviet Union. In March, growing civil unrest, coupled with chronic food shortages, erupted into open revolt, forcing the abdication of Nicholas II, the last Russian czar. -
The Chinese Revolution
China’s Communist leader Mao Zedong launched what became known as the Cultural Revolution in order to reassert his authority over the Chinese government. Believing that current Communist leaders were taking the party, and China itself, in the wrong direction, Mao called on the nation’s youth to purge the “impure” elements of Chinese society and revive the revolutionary spirit that had led to victory in the civil war 20 decades earlier and the formation of the People’s Republic of China.
