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Jan 1, 1348
The Black death
(1348-1351)
It was a devastating plague that first came to Europe in Italy where it later spread. There was no cure and rats helped spread the disease. There also was no bathing at the time so it spread even quicker. -
Jan 3, 1350
Renaissance
1350-1550
It was a time of creativity and art was one of its main features. -
Jan 2, 1415
council of Constance burns Hus and ends Great Schism
(1415-1417) Was a split within the Catholic Church from 1378 to 1418. Several men simultaneously claimed to be the true pope. -
Jan 3, 1450
Exploration
exploration that started in the early 15th century with the first Portuguese discoveries in the Atlantic archipelagos and Africa, as well as the discovery of America by Spain in 1492, and the discovery of the ocean route to the East in 1498 -
Jan 2, 1453
Fall of Constantinople, End of Hundred Years War
The Hundred Years war was between France and England over who was the rightful king of France. It was fought in France and was later won by France, -
Jan 2, 1455
Invention of Printing Press
The printing press allowed for news to be spread faster and it also incrased knowledge by the printing of older books such as the bible for people to read -
Jan 2, 1492
Columbus encounters America, completion of recnquista in Spain
Columbus finds the Americas which thus helps the economy of Spain majorly due to the new trade and resources available. -
Jan 3, 1500
Protestant and Catholic Reformations
sixteenth century
changes within the church. -
Jan 3, 1500
Price revolution
refers to the relatively high rate of inflation that characterized the period from the first half of the 16th century -
Jan 2, 1517
Luther posts 95 Theses
Luther posted these points to the door of the church because he thought that what the church was doing was corrupt and wrong. He would later create his own religion called Lutherism. -
Jan 2, 1519
Cortez conquers the Aztecs
This was very benificial for Spain as it gained new territory for the Spanish. The Aztecs were also very wealthy with gold which increased spains amount of gold. -
Jan 3, 1520
Religious Wars
1520-1650
Wars between religions mainly the Roman catholic Church but also caused due to religious conflict. -
Jan 2, 1534
Anglican Church is created in England
The king of England created this church and was out of rebellion against the Roman Catholic church. -
Jan 2, 1536
Calvin establishes reformed faith in Geneva
Calvin created his own religion called Calvinism which was a branch off of Lutherism which was a branch off the Roman Catholic Church -
Jan 2, 1543
Copernicus publishes Heliocentric Theory
This was going against the the church at the time and got a lot of criticism. It stated that the planets moved around the sun and not vise versa. -
Jan 3, 1543
Scientific Revolution
1543-1687
This was a period of time in which many scientific discoveries were made and it became very popular. -
Jan 2, 1545
Council of trent opens
Had three main points
1.to bring back Protestants to the Church
2. to state Catholic teaching clearly
3. to address the issue of abuses in the Church -
Jan 3, 1550
Dutch Commercial Dominance
1550-1650
shipping and trade and the surge of nationalism accompanying the struggle for independence from Spain. Alongside the British, the Dutch initially built up colonial possessions on the basis of indirect state capitalist corporate colonialism, via the Dutch East and West India Companies. -
Jan 3, 1550
Age of crisis
1550-1650
A time period of much conflict in central Europe. -
Jan 2, 1555
Peace of Augsburg
gave german rulers the right to choose the religion for their state -
Jan 3, 1580
Witchcraft scare
time period where people accused many women of being witches which they would later kill them. -
Defeat of Spanish Armada
This established British Superiority over Spain in the Navy. -
Edict of Nantes
It granted a large measure of religious liberty to his Protestant subjects, the Huguenots. The edict upheld Protestants -
Dutch East India Company founded
This was a company more fond of trade then the exploration and conquering of the British. -
Early Modern Society
1500-1700
the beginning of self cleaning and other methods used in todays society. -
Baroque art
1600-1750
The popularity and success of the Baroque style was encouraged by the Catholic Church, which had decided at the time of the Council of Trent, in response to the Protestant Reformation, that the arts should communicate religious themes in direct and emotional involvement. -
Stuart Monarchy beginsin England
This was a different family to take plac in power of the royal throne in England -
Conflict between Parliment and king of england
1603-1689
this was a time where the king of England was losing power to parlimet -
Age of Louis XIV
1643-1715
France's classical age, including his revocation of the Edict of Nantes and aggressive foreign policy -
Peace of Westphalia
This ended the thirty years war in Europe and divided the power and threshold of different countries. -
Charles 1 Executed
There was a rebellion and Cromwell won so the losing king was executed. -
Commercial wars
1650-1763
This was a time for the fighting of different trade routes and territories. -
Absolutism
1650-1750
the acceptance of or belief in absolute principles in political, philosophical, ethical, or theological matters. -
Rise of Prussia
1650-1763
Prussia was taking over Austria and had the help of Russia in its take on world dominance. -
Newton publishes the Principa Matematica
This was the foundation of many important discoveries yet to come in the Scientific Revolution. -
Glorious Revolution, Peter the Great rules Russia
Peter the Great gains land, increaes education, frees the surfs, and changes the economy of Rusia for the better. -
Rise of Russia
1689-1815
Russia became very powerful after the rise of Prussia because they had aquired more land and had westernized the country. -
Bank of England
This gains money for England and gives the king power and control over its economy. -
Commercial Revolution
1600-1700
A time period of increased trade among the different countries. -
Rise of the middle class
It was a time of a type of people whos income was not below the poverty line yet not wealthy. -
Enlightenment
European intellectual movement of the late 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition. It was heavily influenced by 17th-century philosophers such as Descartes, Locke, and Newton, and its prominent exponents include Kant, Goethe, Voltaire, Rousseau, and Adam Smith. -
Agricultural Revolution
this was a time of increaed amounts of farming. there was a lot of farming being done in the Americas that was traded leading to a competive economy. -
Peace of Utrecht
Ended War of Spanish Succession -
Rococo Art
1720-1760
It developed in the early 18th century in Paris, France as a reaction against the grandeur, symmetry, and strict regulations of the Baroque, especially of the Palace of Versailles -
War of Austrian Succession
Austria vs. Prussia
Britain vs. France
•based on dynastic interests
•Silesia still Prussian control -
Industrial Revolution
1750-1850
There was a large increase in factories mainly in Textiles which created more jobs which increased the economy. -
Treaty of Paris
Ends the 7 years war and everyone has to give back conquered land except for Prussia. -
American Revolution
The American colonies rebel against Britian and fight a war for their freedom. -
French Revolution Begins
The people of France get tired of the nobles and the kings having all the power and abusing it so they rebel and kill the king. -
Age of Revolutions
1789-1848
This included the famous French revolution. -
Feminism
1790-1980
This was revolution where women were upset and believed that they should have equal rights to men and led by Wollstencraft. -
rise of Nationalism
1790-1914
Nationalism was an important factor in the development of Europe. In the 19th century, a wave of romantic nationalism swept the European continent, transforming its countries. Some newly formed countries, such as Germany, Italy and Romania were formed by uniting various regional states with a common "national identity" -
wollstonecraft begins feminist movement
Wollstonecraft was an early feminist promter who mainly argued for better education for women. -
Napoleon comes to power in France
Napoleon came to power in France after the rebellion and would later be kicked out. -
Romanticism
1800-1850
Romanticism (also the Romantic era or the Romantic period) was an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th century and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate period from 1800 to 1850. -
Abdictation of Napoleon. Congress of Viena
Overthrew French Directory in 1799 and became emperor of the French in 1804. Failed to defeat Great Britain and abdicated in 1814. -
Revolution in france
Another revolution in France that would lead to the rise of Napoloen again but would later be exiled. -
Rise of Liberalism
1830-1870
Political and economic doctrine that emphasizes the rights and freedoms of the individual and the need to limit the powers of government -
Revolution of 1848
were influenced by Marx and Engels writins and books about socialism and revolutions. -
Unification
1850-1875
this was a time where countries were unifying together to become more powerful. -
Realism and Materialism
1850-1870
holds that matter is the fundamental substance in nature, and that all phenomena, including mental phenomena and consciousness, are the result of material interactions. -
Imperialism
1850-1914
a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force. -
Rise of Modern society
The distribution between high, middle and lower class fluctuates less and becomes more stable. -
Second industrial Revolution
1850-1914
the second revolution that had an increase of industry and factories -
Crystal Palace Exhibition
reference to the temporary structure in which it was held, was an international exhibition that took place in Hyde Park, London, from May 1st to October 11th, 1851. It was the first in a series of World's Fair exhibitions of culture and industry that were to become a popular 19th-century feature. -
Modern idea and Science
1850-1920
Essentilay the second scientific revolution. -
Britian establishes direct rule of India
This greatly helped Englands economy by giving them large access to resources and a plethra of trade -
Darwin publishes "Orgin of the Species"
This was very large contribution to science of the time and led the way to new discoveries about the natural word and the study of enviormental science. -
Italy Unified, Serfs freed in Russia
Although the serfs were freed in Russia they still had to pay back the money which put them in debt which made them servants so they technically were not free. -
Modern Art
1870-1920
The second revolution in creativity know as a rebirth of art. -
Unification of Germany
The formal unification of Germany into a politically and administratively integrated nation state officially occurred on 18 January 1871 at the Versailles Palace's Hall of Mirrors in France. Princes of the German states gathered there to proclaim Wilhelm of Prussia as Emperor Wilhelm of the German Empire after the French capitulation in the Franco-Prussian War. -
Berlin Conference over Imperialism in Africa
regulated European colonization and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period, and coincided with Germany's sudden emergence as an imperial power. -
Freud publishes "Interpalation of Dreams"
published by Freud -
Einstein publishes relativity theory, Revolution in Russia
this was ground breaking for science at the time. -
world war 1 begins
This war marked the end of the Ottoman Empire wjy was the longest lasting empire to this day. -
World Wars
1914-1945
A time period where wars were fought that originated in Europpe but spread out usualy from Germany. -
Bolshevik Revolution in Russia
This was the second revolution in Russia and it led to the reformation of the country. -
Treaty of Versailles
This treaty ended world war I and was signed in France. -
Totalitarianism
1920-1945
concept used by some political scientists in which the state holds total authority over the society and seeks to control all aspects of public and private life wherever possible. -
Mussolini comes to power in Italy
Mussolini would end up teaming up with Hitler in World War II. -
Great Depression Begins
This was a time of economical collapse in the United States where the farmers could not find jobs. -
Hitler comes to power in Germany
He later starts World War II but loses to the allied forces. -
Munich Conference
leaders of Great Britain, France, and Italy agreed to allow Germany to annex certain areas of Czechoslovakia. -
World War II begins
This was the second world war started by Hitler and his allies who would later be defeated.. -
World War II Ends, United Nation formed
Hitler and his allies were defeated. -
European Unity
1945-present
time period where countries in Europe are not at war and are allied together. -
Cold war
1945-1991
The Cold War was a state of political and military tension after World War II between powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others) and powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its allies in the Warsaw Pact). -
NATO formed
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty -
ECSC formed
The ECSC was the first international organisation to be based on the principles of supranationalism,[2] and would ultimately lead the way to the founding of the European Union -
Stalin Dies
This was a major downfall point for the soviet Union and communism in Russia. -
Krushchevs speech, Hungary Revolt
The reforms consisted of changing or removing key institutions that helped Stalin hold power: the cult of personality that surrounded him, the Stalinist political system -
Sputnik launched, Treaty of Rome, EEC
The russians were able to launch a spacecraft into sapce in which they called Sputnik. and the European Economic Community formed. -
the Fifth Republic of France Formed
The Fifth Republic emerged from the collapse of the French Fourth Republic, replacing the prior parliamentary government with a semi-presidential system. -
berlin wall erected
The Berlin Wall was a barrier that divided Berlin from 1961 to 1989, constructed by the German Democratic Republic starting on 13 August 1961, that completely cut off West Berlin from surrounding East. -
Cuban Missle Crisis
Point in the Cold War where Russia and Cuba allied and missles were a firing point in Cuba towards America. -
Second Vatican Council
addressed relations between the Roman Catholic Church and the modern world. -
Prague Spring Revolt
It was to grant additional rights to the citizens of Czechoslovakia in an act of partial decentralization of the economy and democratization. -
Helsinki accords
Countries signed the declaration in an attempt to improve relations between the Communist bloc and the West. -
John Paul II elected pope
He was the second longest-serving pope in modern history.John Paul II is recognised as helping to end Communist rule in his native Poland and eventually all of Europe. -
Soviet Union invades Afghanistan and Thatcher is elected Prime Minister of England
Russia invades Afghanistan to try and stabalize the area and diminish the terrorism headquarters that were stationed there. -
Solidarity founded in Poland
It was the first trade union in a Warsaw Pact country that was not controlled by the Communist Party. -
Gorbachhev comes to power in Soviet Union
He later ends the Cold War and helps tear down the Berlin wall. -
Berlin Wall falls
the falling of the wall signifies the end of the Cold war. -
Break-up of Soviet Union
this was the seperating of different countries that combined to be know as the Soviet Union. -
Maastricht treaty
It created the European Union and led to the creation of the single European currency, the euro. -
Euro currency introduced
It was the known currency for all parts of Europe. -
Terrorist attacks on the United States
It severely hurts the economy in the United States because it hit buildings that serve to help trade. It also decreased moral in the countries citizens.
