JohnsonKChurchHistory By JHHistory Period: 33 to 330 Early Church Era 65 Peter and Paul executed. Peter and Paul are executed;martyrdom of the church's two greatest apostles forces church leadership into a new era. 230 Earliest known public churches are built Origen begins writing brilliant works that “provided a foundation for the great ecumenical councils to come.” 313 Edict of Milan was made. Period: 330 to 500 Christian empire 390 Ambrose defies Emperor Theodosius. 461 Council of Chalcedon concluded Jesus was fully God. Period: 500 to 1500 Middle Ages 732 The Battle of Tours. 1054 Churches separate. 1095 Pope Urban II launches first crusade. 1220 Domonic establishes Order of Preachers. 1453 Constantinople falls to Turks.