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The papal decree Venerabilem by Innocent III established the reserved rights of the pope to approve candidates.
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The Ming Dynasty succeeded the Mongol dynasty and was founded by Zhu Yuanzhang
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The Portuguese prince, Henry the Navigator, conquered the Moroccan fortress of Ceuta.
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In 1428, the Mexica launched a series of conquests that led to the creation of an empire.
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His voyages ceased because of Zheng He's death and the need to rebuild the Great Wall.
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The first great Inca ruler, Pachakuti, launched military conquests outward from Cuzco.
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The Hundred Years' War ended with a French victory and the Treaty of Paris was signed.
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The young Ottoman ruler, Mehmed II decided to end the fiction of Byzantine rule and lay siege to Constantinople.
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Ferdinand and Isabella waged war against the Emirate of Granada which ended in Granada's surrender.
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Akbar succeeded Humayun while in the midst of a war to reclaim the Mughal throne.
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Following the death of Ivan the terrible, there was no clear successor until Russian nobles offered Mikhail Romanov royal power.