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620 CE- When Muhammad was about 40, he saw Archangel Gabriel. He said that their first night of many,Archangel Angel pointed to the existence of a single God.
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622 CE- Muhammad and his followers emigrated to a Medina to survive. In Medina, they were promised freedom to practice their new religion.
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632- Muhammed died without naming a successor.The person that was chosen was a person of the family.
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After Muhammed died, the largest group of muslims chose Abu Bakr, a close companion that the Prophet's son-in-law and cousin, Ali should be Caliph.
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665- Ali won the battle of the Camel in Basra in Southern Iraq where Alie won and Aisha was defeteated. this caused a divide the community.
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Ali and his supporters felt morallly unable to fight their muslim brothers and the battle of Siffin proved indecisive.in 661 the kharijites, a small sect, killed Ali while he was praying in the mosque of Kufa, Iraq
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Sunni Islam continued through the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties to powerful Mughal and Ottoman empires of the 15th and 20th centuries. Shi'a believed to be appointed from the phropet's family while Sunni didn't.
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After the death of Alie, a group called the Umayyads came to powerand chose Mu'awiya as the fifht caliph. The Umayyads were the first dinasty to rule an Islamic empire/
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Umayyad dominance was challenged by a rising Muslim faction, the Abbasids. The Abbasids brought down the Umayyads in 750 killing many Umayyads as posible.
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in 750, the abbasids seized their power over Muslim lands, they dependedon regional governors for military control and the collection of taxes. Their government weakend and they fell.
