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Jan 1, 1299
Beginnings
the Ottoman Empire is founded by the Osmali tribe, in Northwestern Anatolia. -
Jan 1, 1326
Conquring Anatolia
The Osmanli tribe, now known as the Ottomans, conquer most of Anatolia, and name Bursa as their capital. -
Jan 1, 1390
Anatolia
The Ottomans have finished claiming Anatolia for their empire. -
Jan 1, 1453
Mehmed II encourages Harmony
Throughout his rein, sultan Mehmed II encourages the Christian community to live in harmony with the Islamic community. -
May 29, 1453
Constantinople is Conquered
The heart of the Byzantine Empire, Constantinople, is conquered by the Ottoman Empire and renamed Istanbul. This becomes the new capital. -
Jan 1, 1481
Mehmet II Dies
Mehmet II dies after nominating his eldest son Bayezid to continue as Sultan. This causes the Shi'a Muslims of the empire to revolt, as they feel his brother Jem should be Sultan. When the Shi'a are repressed, they retreat to Persia -
Jan 1, 1517
Spread of the Empire
The Ottoman Empire extends into other Arabic and Islamic regions from North Africa, Egypt, Syria, Iraq, and the Arabian Penninsula. This contains the 3 holy sites: Mecca, Madinah, and Jerusalem, so they take charge of the Pilgrimage each year. -
Jan 1, 1517
Caliph
The Sultan of the Ottoman Empire also becomes the Caliph (kalipha), or the spiritual and political leader, of the Muslim world. -
Period: Jan 1, 1520 to Jan 1, 1566
Sulayman the Magnificent
Sulayman the Magnificent, known to citizens as Sulayman the Lawful, rules as Sultan. He is one of the wealthiest rulers, and he rules during a peaceful time as they conquered Egypt/Syria, and there is a non-aggression treaty with the Safavid Empire -
sultan Mehmed IV
Sultan Mehmed IV begins his rule, modeling it after the practices of Murad IV. He attempts reformation of the Empire. Unlike past Sultans who were very tolerant of non-Muslim culture, Mehmed IV believes inferiority stems from Christian and European influence. He attempts to restore traditional Islam system of life. -
Imperial Rescript of Gulhane
the Imperial Rescript of Gulhane promises that all citizens- Muslim and non-Muslim- will have equal rights in society. -
Tanzimat reforms
The Tanzimat reforms follow European reform models and promise a more organized society. However, this begins a slow Westernization of the area, cutting away some of the Islamic and Ottoman traditions of the past. -
Becoming a Monarchy
The state gives political rights to citizens ad forms a constitutional monarchy with a constitution and a parliament. -
Restoration of Parliament
The sultan Abdulmecid I is forced to proclaim the restoration of parliament after an uprising occurs. A year later he is dethroned when a counter-revolution in which he is believed to have planned occurs. -
Sultanate is Abolished
The Ottoman Empire sultanate is abolished and Turkey is declared a republic. However, the Ottoman Caliphate continues with little authority. -
Caliphate Abolished
After two years of lessened power, the Ottoman Caliphate is disbanded and abolished in entirety, so it is not at the center of Islam culture as the political/religious leader.
