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After banning lay investiture, the furious young Germann emperor, Henry IV immediatly called a meeting of the German bishops he had appointed. WIth their approval, the emperor ordered the Gregory to step down from the papacy.
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In January 1077, Henry crossed the snowy alps and came into a the Italian town of Canossa and he then approached the castle that Gregory was staying as a guest.
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The sucessors of Gregory and Henry finally stop their fight over lay investiture.
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The seven princes who elected the German king realized that Germany needed a stronger ruler to keep its peace so they chose Frederick I and nicknamed him "Barbarossa" due to his red beard.
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The foot soliders of the Lomard League face Frederick's army of mounted knights. The Italian foot soliders used crossbows and defeated the feudal knights for the first time in history.
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Frederick makes peace with the pope and travels back to Germany.
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After Frederick drowns his entire empire falls to pieces.
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In 962, the pope crowned Otto the Great the emperor
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Charlemagne also known as the Holy Roman Emperor crowned by the pope dies.
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Pope Leo III crowns Charlemagne emperor, he unknowingly sets the stage for future conflicts with popes and emperors.
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