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Diaz sailed around Africa
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Vasco da Gama sailed to India
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John Cabot (1497) Landed in Canada’s east coast
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Magellan (1519-1522) first to circle the world, proved earth was round
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Jacques Cartier came to America for three reasons
1. To find precious metals2. Find a new way to Asia3. Claim land for the King of France -
He sailed up the Saint-Lawrence and reached Stadacona (Québec). Kind natives taught the Europeans how to survive Candaian Winter
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Cartier ttemped to set up a colony (not successful). Missionaries attempted to convert natives. France lost interest for 60yrs.
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The king first sent a voyage in 1605 to establish a settlement in Nova Scotia called Port Royal.Samuel de Champlain was a part of Port Royal.Port Royal failed because of its position because its too far East for the exchange of furs with the Amerindians
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Samuel de Champlain arrives in Québec, the first permanent French Colony
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Marguerite Bourgeoys: She was the founder of the first school in Montreal in the colony in New France (Ville-Marie)
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Maisonneuve: Paul de Chomedey, sieur de Maisonneuve was a French millitary officer and the founder of Montreal (Ville-Marie) He was also the Governor. Indian name (Hochelaga)
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Laviolette: He founded Trois-Rivières which was the first trading post in 1642. It was very important because it was close to three rivers.
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Jeanna Mance opened up the first hostpial called L'Hôtel Dieu, she was also the first nurse
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King Louis 14th decide to take his colony into his own hands, he set up a new goverment in order to try and make his colony more powerful.
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In 1665 Jean Talon was set with he job to try and colonize New France.
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Lasalle: He was the first seigneur and French explorer called Robert René Cavallier de La Salle, he sailed up the Mississippi river
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The First Intercolonial war ends with the treay of Ryswick
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The Second Intercolonial war ends with the Treay of Utrech
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The third intercolonial war ended with the Treay of Aix-la- CHapelle
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The 4th Inter-colonial war started again
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Louisbourg falls again in 1758, clears way to enter the St-Lawrence and attack Quebec. Nothing is stopping the English from invading the rest of New France
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June of 1759, the English begin attacking the Fort of Québec it takes at least a year
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The Batlle that decides the fate of North America takes place on the Plaines of Abraham, a farmer's field. It ends in about 15 minutes the English were much more stronger than the French.
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The 4th Intercolonial War that lasted seven years ends with the Treaty of Paris
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This Royal Proclamation was used to control and assimilate the French population.
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-The Americans were now free from the British since 1783
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In 1790 the people in New France were now called Canadens.
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The province of Québec was split in to pieces called upper canada (up river) and lower canada (down river)Lower Canada - was almost entirely French (160 000ppl)In Lower Canada the French kept their religion, civil laws, and people could work in the administration. English Criminal LawsUpper Canada - was entirely English (20,000ppl)The Ottawa River would be the boundary between them.In Upper Canada the Protestants, would use the township system, English Civil/ Criminal laws.
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Steam power is invented by James Watt in 1802, then adapted to ships, and then early trains.-Steam engines were good for the world economy because it increased trading, it was bad for Canada’s timber industry because the boats were no longer made with wood.-Steam powered locomotives are built in Britain in 1814, the first ones cross the Atlantic by 1819:Canada beg
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Briain was at War with France. France and America were trading
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In 1815 a mass of Irish families come into Canada, in Ireland there is a huge famine problem which send all these people to Canada
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The leader of the Patriotes was Louis Joseph Papineau, and in 1834 he wrote 92 Resolutions (a list of the assemblies demands) their main demand was for Responsible Government (for the members of the councils to be selected from the elected assembly) and the government made up by the people would be responsible for its decisions.
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Creates the Prov. of Canada consisting of Canada East and West (former upper and lower Canada).Canada east and west each had 42 members to its assemblyGovernor still had control and veto powerCanada east and west would equally pay for Canada’s debts (Canada West owed 10X).
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Canada creates its own currency 1853
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Seignurial System abolished in 1854
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This treaty meant customs/duties between the two countries temporarily ceased. Proved advantage, For Canadian producers, because the states were such a large market.
