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Aristotle said only simple bodies and organisms could generate spontaneously. He said that animals of some kinds arise directly from elements.
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Leeuwenhoek developed the microscope. He was the first person to observe and describe single celled organisms.
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Linnaeus created the system of naming organisms called binomial nomenclature. He if known as the father of taxonomy.
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He was the leader in the adoption of anaesthesia and medical hygiene. His findings inspired fundamental changes in the water and waste systems.
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Nightingale and a team of nurses improved the unsanitary conditions which greatly reduced the death rate. She established the Nightingale Training School for Nurses..
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Louis Pasteur discovered that microbes were responsible for souring alcohol and came up with the process of pasteurization. Also created vaccinations for anthrax and rabies.
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Jenner was the pioneer of the smallpox vaccine. This was the worlds first vaccine.
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Joseph Lister introduced new principles of cleanliness which transformed surgical practice in the late 1800s. "Lister is known as the father of antiseptic surgery".
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Robert Koch used experiments to prove that the bacterium Bacillus anthracis was the cause of anthrax. He extracted this bacterium from a sheep which had died of anthrax, grew it and injected a mouse with it.
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Buchner was a pioneer in the field of immunology. He was known for his research involving anaerobic bacteria.
