Timeline: History of Medicine - Halle Duncan

4000 BCE

Primitive Timespan

-Illnesses were caused by spirts and demons
-Had ceramonies to drive out the "evil spirits"
-Herbs and plants were used as medicine
-Average life span = 20 years

3000 BCE

Ancient Egyptians

Physicians were priests -Used prayers for healing -Bloodletting and leeches were the medical treatment -Average life span = 20-30 years

1700 BCE

Ancient Greeks

-Believed illness was a result of natural causes
-Used massage therapy and herbal treatments
-Diet, hygine, and exercise was stressed to prevent disease
-Average life span = 25-35 years

1700 BCE

Ancient Chinese

-Believed that the whole body needed to be cured
-Used herbs for medication
-Medical search for illnesses had begun
-Average life span = 20-30 years

753 BCE

Ancient Romans

First to organize medical care for injured soldiers -Built sewers and aqueducts -Established belief by four body humors; blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile -Life span = 25-35 years

400

Dark Ages

-Study of medicine was prohibited
-The church ruled over
-Monks and priests provided most care
-Medicine was herbs
-Nobody knew what disease cause was and why disease was so prominant
-Average life span 20-30 years

800

Middle Ages

-Arabs began requiring doctors to pass exams and get licenses
-Bubonic Plague was very prominant and killed off 75% of the population of Europe and Asia
-Major diseases:
Smallpox, Diphtheria, Tuberculosis, Typhoid, The Plaque, and Malaria
-Average life span = 20-35 years

1350

Renaissance

Science of Medicine was reborn. -Body Disesections led to increased knowlage about the body and anatomy
Printing press was invented to share medical knowlage -First anatomy book was published -Disease cause was still unknown -Average life span was 30-40

1500

16th and 17th Centuries

-Knowlage about the body and how it function greatly increased
-Established ligatures to stop bleeding
-Made prescribed medicine and sold it
-Microscope was invented
(allowed them to see disease causing organisms)
-Cause of disease was still unknown, many died from infection
-Average life span = 35-45 years

1700

18th Century

-Created a mercury thermometer
-Invented Bifocals
-Invented scientific surgical procedures and tube feeding
-Smallpox vaccine discovered
-Average life span 40-50 years

1800

19th Century

-Rapid advancements due to discoveries of microorganisms, anesthesia, and vaccinations
-X-ray machine developed
-First open heart surgery
-Invention of the stethoscope
-Formal training for nurses began
-Average life span was 40-60 years

1900

20th Century

-ABO blood types
-New medications
(Insulin for diabetes and to fight infection, Penicillin)

1900

20th Century Different Vaccines

Diptheria – 1921
Tuberculosis – 1925
Pertussis – 1927
Typhus – 1937
Influenza – 1945
Oral Polio – 1962
Measles – 1963
Mumps – 1967
Rubella – 1970
Chicken Pox – 1974
Streptococcus Pneumonia – 1977
Meningitis – 1978
Hepatitis B – 1981
Hepatitis A – 1992
Lyme Disease – 1998
Rotavirus - 1998